Effect of single‐dose injection of vitamin D on immune cytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

Sharifi, Amrollah; Vahedi, Homayoon; Nedjat, Saharnaz; Rafiei, Hossein; Hosseinzadeh‐Attar, Mohammad Javad

doi:10.1111/apm.12982

Cited by 107 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The innate immune system generates both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in response to viral and bacterial infections, as observed in COVID-19 patients [30]. Vitamin D can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ [31]. Administering vitamin D reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages ( [17] and references therein).…”

Section: Vitamin D and Mechanisms To Reduce Microbial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

et al. 2020

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The world is in the grip of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures that can reduce the risk of infection and death in addition to quarantines are desperately needed. This article reviews the roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of respiratory tract infections, knowledge about the epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19, and how vitamin D supplementation might be a useful measure to reduce risk. Through several mechanisms, vitamin D can reduce risk of infections. Those mechanisms include inducing cathelicidins and defensins that can lower viral replication rates and reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce the inflammation that injures the lining of the lungs, leading to pneumonia, as well as increasing concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Several observational studies and clinical trials reported that vitamin D supplementation reduced the risk of influenza, whereas others did not. Evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in reducing risk of COVID-19 includes that the outbreak occurred in winter, a time when 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are lowest; that the number of cases in the Southern Hemisphere near the end of summer are low; that vitamin D deficiency has been found to contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome; and that case-fatality rates increase with age and with chronic disease comorbidity, both of which are associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration. To reduce the risk of infection, it is recommended that people at risk of influenza and/or COVID-19 consider taking 10,000 IU/d of vitamin D 3 for a few weeks to rapidly raise 25(OH)D concentrations, followed by 5000 IU/d. The goal should be to raise 25(OH)D concentrations above 40-60 ng/mL (100-150 nmol/L). For treatment of people who become infected with COVID-19, higher vitamin D 3 doses might be useful. Randomized controlled trials and large population studies should be conducted to evaluate these recommendations.

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Section: Vitamin D and Mechanisms To Reduce Microbial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The innate immune system generates both pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines in response to viral and bacterial infections, as observed in COVID-19 patients [30]. Vitamin D can reduce the production of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and interferon γ [31]. Administering vitamin D reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines by macrophages ( [17] and references therein).…”

Section: Vitamin D and Mechanisms To Reduce Microbial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Grant

Lahore

McDonnell

et al. 2020

Preprint

579

595

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The world is in the grips of the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health measures that can reduce the risk of infection and death in addition to quarantines are desperately needed. This article reviews the roles of vitamin D in reducing risk of respiratory tract infections, knowledge about the epidemiology of influenza and COVID-19, and how vitamin D supplementation might be a useful measure to reduce risk. Through several mechanisms, vitamin D can reduce risk of infections. Those mechanisms include inducing cathelicidins and defensins that can lower viral replication rates and reducing concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines that produce the inflammation that injures the lining of the lungs, leading to pneumonia, as well as increase concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Several observational studies and clinical trials reported that vitamin D supplementation reduced risk of influenza, whereas others did not. Evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in reducing risk of COVID-19 includes that the outbreak occurred in winter, a time when 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations are lowest; that the number of cases in the Southern Hemisphere near the end of summer are low; that vitamin D deficiency has been found to contribute to acute respiratory distress syndrome, and that case-fatality rates increase with age and with chronic disease comorbidity, both of which are associated with lower 25(OH)D concentration. To reduce risk of infection, it is recommended that people at risk of influenza and/or COVID-19 consider taking 10,000 IU/d of vitamin D3 for a few weeks to rapidly raise 25(OH)D concentrations, followed by 5000 IU/d. The goal should be to raise 25(OH)D concentrations above 40–60 ng/ml (100–150 nmol/l). For treatment of people who become infected with COVID-19, higher vitamin D3 doses might be useful. Randomized controlled trials and large population studies should be conducted to evaluate these recommendations.

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“…Vitamin D has been proven to not only reduce the production of proin ammatory Th1 cytokines but also to increase the expression of anti-in ammatory cytokines by macrophages. This may be worth bearing in mind the proin ammatory cytokine environment observed in patients infected with COVID-19 and how the "cytokine storm" that leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome [16].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency Among Patients with COVID-19 : Case Series and Recent Literature Review 

Pinzon

Angela

Pradana

2020

Preprint

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Background The world is now challenging the pandemic of COVID-19 infection. Previous studies showed the plausibility of Vitamin D prophylaxis and therapy for COVID-19, particularly in settings where hypovitaminosis D is frequent. Recent study from Indonesian showed that prevalence of vitamin D deficiency were 23.0%. The examination of Vitamin D status is not a routine in Indonesian clinical setting. Methods This study is a Case Series from confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Bethesda hospital Yogyakarta Indonesia. The data of clinical symptoms, clinical signs, and laboratory examination were obtained from electronic medical record. The vitamin D status was measured by standardized laboratory method. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for studies that included terms for Vitamin D and COVID-19. Results The data was obtained from 10 participants consist of 50% male and 50% female. The mean of age was 49.6 years. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this case was 90% and 10% of insufficiency. Patients in this case had various symptom and also had various chronic disease as comorbidity. Conclusions The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this case series in Bethesda hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia is 90% and 10% vitamin D insufficiency. We found no clinical evidence that vitamin D supplements are beneficial in preventing or treating COVID-19. Randomized controlled trials need to determine and evaluated this recommendation.

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Effect of single‐dose injection of vitamin D on immune cytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

Cited by 107 publications

References 46 publications

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Vitamin D Deficiency Among Patients with COVID-19 : Case Series and Recent Literature Review

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Effect of single‐dose injection of vitamin D on immune cytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

Cited by 107 publications

References 46 publications

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Evidence That Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths

Vitamin&nbsp;D&nbsp;Deficiency&nbsp;Among&nbsp;Patients&nbsp;with COVID-19&nbsp;:&nbsp;Case&nbsp;Series&nbsp;and&nbsp;Recent&nbsp;Literature&nbsp;Review&nbsp;

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Vitamin D Deficiency Among Patients with COVID-19 : Case Series and Recent Literature Review