Effect of silver diamine fluoride and proanthocyanidin on resistance of carious dentin to acid challenges

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silver diamine fluoride and grape seed extract on the microstructure and mechanical properties of carious dentin following exposure to acidic challenge. Ninety-eight molars with occlusal caries were used. In the control group the specimens were kept in distilled water. In the GSE group, the specimens were immersed in 6.5% grape seed extract solution for 30 minutes. In the SDF group, the specimens were immersed in 30% SDF solution for 4 minutes. In the GSE+SDF group, the specimens were immersed in 6.5% grape seed extract solution for 30 minutes and then exposed to 30% SDF solution for 4 minutes. All the groups underwent pH cycling model for 8 days. Microhardness measurements were taken at the baseline before surface treatments and after pH cycling. Elastic modulus was measured, after pH cycling. In the control group, the final hardness was significantly lower than the initial hardness (P = 0.001). In the SDF group, the final hardness was significantly higher than the initial hardness (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the initial and final hardness values in the GSE and GSE + SDF groups (p = 0.92, p = 0.07). The H 1-H 0 in the SDF group was significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05). Moreover, elastic modulus of the experimental groups except GSE+SDF group was significantly higher than control. The highest mean elastic modulus was detected in the SDF group (P<0.001). The use of SDF and GSE prior to the acid challenge improved mechanical properties. Microstructural investigation, using scanning electron microscope showed dentin structure protection against acid challenges with SDF treatment and collagen matrix stabilization with GSE treatment. However combined use of these agents was not beneficious.

Effects of Different Application Times of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Mineral Precipitation in Demineralized Dentin

“…This may facilitate suitable conditions [12] for the precipitation of low-solubility fluorohydroxyapatite [36]. SDF also helps to preserve collagen, which acts as a scaffold for mineral precipitation [8,13]. Hence, the increase in SDF application time may help to facilitate mineral precipitation in demineralized dentin.…”

“…Additionally, the formation of ammonium compounds may have an acid-buffering effect and increase the alkalinity of the environment, which can facilitate the precipitation of mineral apatite [12]. Therefore, the use of SDF reduces further tooth demineralization and facilitates the functional recovery of carious lesions [13].…”

The effect of proanthocyanidin and casein phosphopeptide‐amorphous calcium phosphate on the bond strength durability to caries‐affected dentin

“…No pH‐sensitive group is involved in this interaction which makes it different from common chemical cross‐linkers such as glutaraldehyde (Y. Liu, Dusevich, & Wang, 2014). Therefore, the interactions between PA and collagen should not be compromised by an acidic environment (M. Firouzmandi, Vasei, et al, 2020; Y. Liu, Dusevich, & Wang, 2014). A previous study also showed that application of PA prior to the acid challenge resulted in the improvement of the mechanical properties of CAD and stabilization on collagen matrix (M. Firouzmandi, Vasei, et al, 2020).…”

“…Liu, Dusevich, & Wang, 2014). A previous study also showed that application of PA prior to the acid challenge resulted in the improvement of the mechanical properties of CAD and stabilization on collagen matrix (M. Firouzmandi, Vasei, et al, 2020).…”

“…Liu, Dusevich, & Wang, 2014). Therefore, the interactions between PA and collagen should not be compromised by an acidic environment (M. Firouzmandi, Vasei, et al, 2020;Y. Liu, Dusevich, & Wang, 2014).…”