Effect of Silicon on Antioxidant Enzymes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown under Salt Stress

Kumar

et al. 2022

Plants

Silicon (Si) is the most abundant element on earth after oxygen and is very important for plant growth under stress conditions. In the present study, we inspected the role of Si in the mitigation of the negative effect of salt stress at three concentrations (40 mM, 80 mM, and 120 mM NaCl) in two wheat varieties (KRL-210 and WH-1105) with or without Si (0 mM and 2 mM) treatment. Our results showed that photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll stability index, relative water content, protein content, and carbohydrate content were reduced at all three salt stress concentrations in both wheat varieties. Moreover, lipid peroxidation, proline content, phenol content, and electrolyte leakage significantly increased under salinity stress. The antioxidant enzyme activities, like catalase and peroxidase, were significantly enhanced under salinity in both leaves and roots; however, SOD activity was drastically decreased under salt stress in both leaves and roots. These negative effects of salinity were more pronounced in WH-1105, as KRL-210 is a salt-tolerant wheat variety. On the other hand, supplementation of Si improved the photosynthetic pigments, relative water, protein, and carbohydrate contents in both varieties. In addition, proline content, MDA content, and electrolyte leakage were shown to decline following Si application under salt stress. It was found that applying Si enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities under stress conditions. Si showed better results in WH-1105 than in KRL-210. Furthermore, Si was found to be more effective at a salt concentration of 120 mM compared to low salt concentrations (40 mM, 80 mM), indicating that it significantly improved plant growth under stressed conditions. Our experimental findings will open a new area of research in Si application for the identification and implication of novel genes involved in enhancing salinity tolerance.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Supplementation Alleviates the Salinity Stress in Wheat Plants by Enhancing the Plant Water Status, Photosynthetic Pigments, Proline Content and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities

Kumar

et al. 2022

Plants

“…For the authentication of this research ve replicates were taken of each variety, which are further mentioned as: R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 . Wheat was grown under these treatments for about 1 month in hydroponics, and some growth parameters and chlorophyll contents were recorded [10]. The leaves of harvested plants were oven dried and ground in a Willey mill, which was built in with stainless Steel Chamber containing ne powder and processed through Wet Digestion.…”

Section: Plant Materials and Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wide variety of minerals have been used for this purpose, but Si is best for plant growth under various biotic and abiotic stresses [7]. It enhances the salinity tolerance in plants by maintaining the photosynthetic activity and ultrastructure of leaves, stimulation of ROS scavenging system and elevates water uptake and mobilization of minerals [4], [8], [9] [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sodium Silicate and Salicylic Acid on Sodium and Potassium Ratio in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grown Under Salt Stress

Mushtaq

Sabir

Kousar

et al. 2021

Silicon

Self Cite

Purpose Salinity pose severe threat to cultivation as it drastically affects the plant sustainability and yield. The intended aim of current consensus is to assess effects of sodium silicate and salicylic acid on wheat genotypes (slat tolerant and salt sensitive) grown under salt.Methods This experiment was designed to check the effect of silicon on wheat varieties, so four different wheat genotypes named as (Umeed, Rasco, Zarghoon and Shahkaar) were grown in hydroponics under saline and normal environment. Sodium silicate and salicylic acid were applied on all varieties to determine the slat tolerance ability. Plants were harvested at maturity and different physical and chemical aspects were recorded.Results To assess the salt stress on growth and yield of wheat genotypes. Wheat grown in saline conditions with sodium silicate supplementation showed improvement in all growth parameters as compared to the plants grown under salt stress without silicon supplementation. Higher contents of potassium were observed in plants grown under salt stress with silicon supplementation however, potassium concentration was found less in salicylic acid treatment and control under salt stress. Sodium concentration was found higher under salt stress but sodium silicate application reduced Na + uptake under salt stress. Signi cance increase in K + : Na + ratio in roots enhance the translocation which in turn elevates salt tolerance ability. Among wheat varieties potassium uptake was quite high in Umeed and Rasco as compared to Zarghoon and Shahkar. ConclusionBased on current results it can be deduced that application of sodium silicate on different wheat varieties mitigated Na + toxicity by elevating K + : Na + ratio and net translocation rate in salt stressed plants.

“…To protect themselves against oxidative stress, plants exposed to environmental stress develop antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. A series of studies have confirmed that antioxidant enzyme activities depend on plants species, stress factors, and even environmental conditions (Zhang et al 2009, Hong et al 2020, Mushtaq et al 2020. Moreover, a great deal of evidence has demonstrated that antioxidant enzymes can effectively protect plants against salt stress damage by quenching the excessive ROS caused by salt stress (Castelli et al 2010, Mushtaq et al 2020, Zhong et al 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Several studies showed that salinity caused ion imbalance such as sodium (Na) accumulation, and potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) depletion in various plants (Hannachi andVan Labeke 2018, Zhang et al 2018), and that the imbalance of Na, K, and Ca led to the reduction of plant height, the decrease of root profuseness and the loss of agricultural yield (Assaha et al 2017). In addition, salt-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can oxidize biological macromolecules and cause lipid peroxidation, membrane damage and enzyme inactivation (Meng et al 2020). However, ROS are important signaling molecules at low levels (Cakmak et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of antioxidant enzyme activity and gene expression in two new spring wheat cultivars treated with salinity

Xu¹,

Zhang²,

Li³

et al. 2021

Biologia plant.

This study aimed to analyze element content, antioxidative response, and related gene expression in two new wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) cultivars Longchun 30 and Longchun 27 when exposed to different NaCl concentrations. Low NaCl concentration (25 mM) promoted root growth and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative conductivity (REC) in Longchun 30. Differently, higher salinity stress (100 and 200 mM NaCl) inhibited root growth and increased MDA content and REC in both cultivars. Under salt stress, the increment of Na content in the roots and leaves and the reduction of Ca content in the roots were more remarkable in Longchun 27 than in Longchun 30. In contrast, the potassium content decreased in the roots but did not significantly change in the leaves in both cultivars under salinity. When the seedlings were exposed to salinity, the increases of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in Longchun 27 roots were associated with high isoenzymes abundance and high TaCu/ZnSOD, TaMnSOD and TaCAT expression. Meanwhile, total peroxidase (POD) activity induced by NaCl treatment coincided with the changes of TaPOD expression and isoenzyme abundance in both cultivars. Besides, the inhibition of activities of apoplastic antioxidant enzymes, cell wall-bound POD, diamine oxidase, and polyamine oxidase was observed in salinity-stressed roots of both cultivars. Taken together, cv. Longchun 30 might be more suitable for growing in salinity environment in comparison with Longchun 27.