Effect of silicon and phosphorus on the degradation of polyurethanes

Lin, Ming‐Yuan; Tsen, Wen‐Chin; Shu, Yao-Chi; Chuang, Fu‐Sheng

doi:10.1002/1097-4628(20010131)79:5<881::aid-app130>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…For flame retardancy of polyurethane foam the following compounds are used: phosphates, red phosphorus, phosphites, phosphonates and alkyl phosphamides [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) is the most commonly used phosphorus flame retardant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites of Semi-Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Keratin Fibers Derived from Poultry Feathers and Flame Retardant Additives

et al. 2020

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Semi-rigid composites of polyurethane foams (SRPUF) modified with the addition of keratin flour from poultry feathers and flame retardant additives were manufactured. Ten percent by mass of keratin fibers was added to the foams as well as halogen-free flame retardant additives such as Fyrol PNX, expandable graphite, metal oxides, in amounts such that their total mass did not exceed 15%. Thermal and mechanical properties were tested. Water absorption, dimensional stability, apparent density and flammability of produced foams were determined. It was found that the use of keratin fibers and flame retardant additives changes the foam synthesis process, changes their structure and properties as well as their combustion process. The addition of the filler made of keratin fibers significantly limits the amount of smoke generated during foam burning. The most favorable reduction of heat and smoke release rate was observed for foams with the addition of 10% keratin fibers and 10% expandable graphite. Systems of reducing combustibility of polyurethane foams using keratin fillers are a new solution on a global scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composites of Semi-Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Keratin Fibers Derived from Poultry Feathers and Flame Retardant Additives

et al. 2020

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“…The assignments of the major bands observed at RT are summarized in Table 4 on the basis of recent IR studies of various types of polyurethanes and phosphates. The thermal degradation of polyurethanes has been reported in several studies [21,22], it is considered that the degradation of an ether-type polyurethane begins with the dissociation and thermal decompo- sition of the urethane hard segment. As shown in Figure 5, the intensities of the bands (around 3350 cm -1 ) assigned to N-H decrease intensively with increasing temperature, and almost disappear at 250°C.…”

Section: Thermal Degradation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an ether-type UV-cured polyurethane coating

Chen¹,

Tai²,

Song³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract.A new UV-reactive monomer piperazine-N,N′-bis(acryloxyethylaryl-phosphoramidate) (N-PBAAP) containing phosphorus and nitrogen was synthesized and used as flame retardant for an ether-type UV-cured polyurethane acrylate (PUA) coating. The thermal properties of the PUA films were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) in air and nitrogen atmosphere. The TGA results showed that the incorporation of N-PBAAP can obviously enhance the char residue of the PUA coatings. From the TGA and real time Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (RT-FTIR) results, different degradation behaviors were observed in the PUA coatings with different N-PBAAP content. The combustibility of the PUA coatings was evaluated by microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC). The MCC results revealed that the addition of N-PBAAP in the coatings can significantly reduce the peak Heat Release Rate (pHRR), Heat Release Capacity (HRC) and the Total Heat Release (THR) of the samples. Furthermore, dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (DMA) was employed to examine the viscoelastic properties of the PUA films. It was found that the incorporation of N-PBAAP in the formulation can bring in more functional groups to the coatings, which results in an increase of the glass transition temperature (Tg) and cross linking density (XLD) of the films.

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“…The waterproofing resins developed to date include the likes of polyurethane (PU), rubberized asphalt, polyurea, acrylic acid polymers, and polymerized siloxane silicone [4]. The most frequently used resin for exterior Sustainability 2020, 12 waterproofing in Taiwan is polyurethane (PU) owing to its ease of use. There are several advantages in the application of PU in construction, including the reduction of seam grinning and embrittlement, toughness enhancement, applicability under ambient temperatures, the convenience of filling holes, low cost, and use of different colors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that the insufficient thermal stability of typical PU is due to dissipation of the hard segment at high heat (typically 70-90 • C) whereas its glass transition temperature threshold is only 70 • C, and its softening temperature threshold is below 70 • C [6,7,12,13]. The poor mechanism of PU for combating high heat, including both heat resistance and antioxidation, limits its tolerance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architectural Sustainability and Efficiency of Enhanced Waterproof Coating from Utilization of Waterborne Poly (Siloxane-Imide-Urethane) Copolymers on Roof Surfaces

Hsu¹,

Wang²,

Hung³

2020

Sustainability

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According to Taiwan’s Ministry of the Interior, from 2017 to 2019, more than 12% of house-purchase disputes were due to water leakage caused by frequent tropical rains, which have long troubled engineers. The thermal stability resistance, water resistance, and ultraviolet resistance of existing polyurethane formulations have been limited by environmental aging. Thus, the lifespan of commercial PU-coated resins (typical PU) for the waterproofing of roof surfaces is merely two to three years. Accordingly, this study proposed the introduction of siloxane and imide groups to produce waterborne poly(urethane-siloxane-imide) (Si-imide-WPU) copolymers to improve the resistance of environmental aging in typical PU. The waterproof coating resin made of Si-imide-WPU copolymers was environmentally friendly, safe to use, and free of organic solvents. The results showed that the optimal Si-imide-WPU-2 sample in the study made improvements on the defects of polyurethane (PU) including its thermal properties, mechanical properties, environmental resistance, and lifespan which could be extended up to 5.4 years. Consequently, the studied Si-imide-WPU copolymers could reduce material waste while enhancing the sustainability and efficiency of the architecture.

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Effect of silicon and phosphorus on the degradation of polyurethanes

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Composites of Semi-Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Keratin Fibers Derived from Poultry Feathers and Flame Retardant Additives

Composites of Semi-Rigid Polyurethane Foams with Keratin Fibers Derived from Poultry Feathers and Flame Retardant Additives

Thermal properties and flame retardancy of an ether-type UV-cured polyurethane coating

Architectural Sustainability and Efficiency of Enhanced Waterproof Coating from Utilization of Waterborne Poly (Siloxane-Imide-Urethane) Copolymers on Roof Surfaces

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