Effect of Silane Coupling Agents on the Rheology, Dynamic and Mechanical Properties of Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber/Calcium Carbonate Composites

Abstract

The effects of three trimethoxysilanes with different functional groups on the rheology, dynamic and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM)/calcium carbonate (CaCO3) composites were investigated respectively. The results showed that the addition of silane increased the value of MH and MH–ML of the compounds. Geniosil XL 33 silane decreased the shear modulus of the EPDM/CaCO3 compounds, and the bound rubber content increased slightly with the addition of vinyl trimethoxy silane (VTMS) and methylacryloxy-methyltrimethoxysilane (Geniosil XL 33) silane in the compounds. The vulcanizates with the addition of the VTMS and Geniosil XL 33 silane showed a significant increase in tensile strength and abrasion resistance; however, ethyltrimethoxysilane (ETMS) silane weakened the tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the vulcanizates. At low strain, the cross-linking and reaggregation of fillers resulted in a high storage modulus of vulcanizates with silane. When the strain exceeded 10%, the storage modulus of the vulcanizates with the Geniosil XL 33 and VTMS silane was higher. The loss modulus and tan δ of the vulcanized rubber with the Geniosil XL 33 and VTMS silanes were lower compared to the ETMS and 0 silane.

Effects of silane‐modified nano‐CaCO3 particles on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber/epoxy (CF/EP) composites

“…The increase in storage modulus can be linked to the findings of three‐point bending tests. The decrease in loss modulus can be attributed to the good dispersion of the silane‐treated nano‐CaCO 3 particles in the epoxy matrix, as stated in the study by Bi et al [ 52 ] The tan δ also decreases due to the advanced interactions between the silane‐treated nano‐CaCO 3 particles and the epoxy matrix. It is also noted that the silane‐treated nano‐CaCO 3 particles do not show a significant effect on the T g of the composites.…”

“…In addition, the silane molecules on the nano‐CaCO 3 surface involves in the cross‐linking reaction with the epoxy macromolecule chains increasing the cross‐link density of the epoxy matrix. [ 52 ] Additionally, it is known that silane plays a crucial role in connecting the particle and the epoxy matrix. Therefore, it can be said that the filler and matrix adhesion is increased due to the presence of silane molecules.…”

The influence of silane coupling agents on the properties of α-TCP-based ceramic bone substitutes for orthopaedic applications

“…They observed the similar bonds between coupling agents and calcium carbonate groups. Bi et al 49 investigated the effects of trimethoxysilanes on the properties of CaCO 3 -based composites. They confirmed the presence of chemical interaction between components, which allow to improve the tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the materials.…”

Waste material fly ash as an alternative filler for elastomers

“…Ultimately, the most common reason of adding CaCO 3 into polymers is to reduce the final cost without significantly scarifying the mechanical properties. Several polymers have been loaded with CaCO 3 fillers, including butadiene rubber, 83 ethylene propylene diene rubber, 84 NR, 85 poly(lactic acid), 86 and low‐density polyethylene 87 …”