Effect of short-term intervention on infraspinatus muscle activity during throwing motion and physical examination in baseball players with throwing disorder

Kotoshiba, Somu; Maeda, Noriaki; Urabe, Yukio; Sasadai, Junpei; Aramaki, Kei; Sumida, Ryohei; Yanase, Kazutaka; Hara, Michiya

doi:10.3233/ies-193192

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The posterior tightness of the shoulder joint was assessed using the combined abduction test (CAT) and horizontal Flex test (HFT) in the supine position while the examiner fixed the scapula [ 24 , 30 , 31 ]. The CAT was graded as positive when the participant’s upper arm failed to touch the auricle during passive abduction of the shoulder joint ( Figure 1 a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Clinical Assessment of Elbow Pain in Youth Baseball Players

Koseki,

Kajiyama,

Shida

et al. 2024

Sports

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Elbow injuries related to the throwing motion in baseball during the growth period present difficulties for early detection and may cause serious future disabilities. This study aimed to comprehensively determine the characteristics and clinical assessment of elbow pain in youth baseball players. Two hundred and sixteen young baseball players underwent elbow medical examination. Basic information and physical examination, clinical assessment, and ultrasonography results were examined. Univariate analyses were statistically performed between the pain-free (98 participants) and elbow pain (118 participants) groups. The mean age was 11.6 years, and ultrasonographic abnormalities were found on the medial side of the elbow in 37.5%. In total, 118 (54.6%) participants experienced elbow pain, with 64.4% of them complaining of elbow pain on the medial side. Players with multiple positions (≥2 positions) had a significantly higher prevalence of elbow pain. Height, weight, length of baseball experience, and positive rates of horizontal flexion and moving valgus stress tests were higher in the elbow pain group than in the pain-free group. The risk factors and clinical assessment for elbow pain are useful for the prevention and early detection of throwing elbow injuries in youth baseball players.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Clinical Assessment of Elbow Pain in Youth Baseball Players

Koseki,

Kajiyama,

Shida

et al. 2024

Sports

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“…The Hara test was used to evaluate the physical function examination. This test 15 , 19 is particularly useful in assessing the upper limb kinetics for abnormalities that contribute to shoulder pain in patients with throwing disorder. It consists of 11 physical examination items related to the scapular and humeral kinetic chain: (1) scapula-spine distance (SSD) ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, baseball players with shoulder pain during throwing are reported to be the most active during the acceleration phase. 15 During the acceleration phase, it is vital to maintain scapular stabilization owing to the forward acceleration of the arm which is equivalent to a peak internal rotation angular velocity of approximately 6500⁰/second near ball release. 14 In overhead sports with shoulder instability of the glenohumeral joint, the infraspinatus may cause excessive muscle activity for stabilization.…”

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confidence: 99%

The infraspinatus muscle activity during pitching motion in baseball players with shoulder instability

Kotoshiba

Urabe

Hara³

et al. 2021

JSES International

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Background Shoulder microinstability is often overlooked, which can be problematic, especially in overhead athletes. The slipping phenomenon is defined as posterior or lateral sliding of the humeral head in an elevated arm. When the shoulder is close to the end range of stability, the infraspinatus is highly activated and keeps the shoulder in the glenoid cavity. This study aimed to examine the characteristic physical function and infraspinatus activity during the pitching motion in baseball pitchers with shoulder instability. Methods Twenty-one male baseball pitchers participated and were divided into 2 groups based on radiograph findings at zero position: slipped (group S) and nonslipped (group N) groups. Physical function using Hara test and infraspinatus muscle activity during pitching were evaluated. Results The infraspinatus muscle activity during the acceleration phase was significantly greater in group S (59.5 ± 33.0%MVC) than in group N (33.0 ± 16.9%MVC) ( P < .05). Positive rate of the Hara test in group S was significantly high in the loose test and elbow push test. Conclusions This study shows that baseball pitchers with slipping phenomenon have capsular laxity and scapular instability that indicate high infraspinatus muscle activity during the acceleration phase. Therefore, repetitive pitching with hyperactivity of the infraspinatus on the slipping shoulder may cause fatigue and dysfunction.

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Effect of short-term intervention on infraspinatus muscle activity during throwing motion and physical examination in baseball players with throwing disorder

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Characteristics and Clinical Assessment of Elbow Pain in Youth Baseball Players

Characteristics and Clinical Assessment of Elbow Pain in Youth Baseball Players

The infraspinatus muscle activity during pitching motion in baseball players with shoulder instability

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