Effect of short-term exposure to five industrial metals on the embryonic and fetal development of the mouse

In VitroComparative Effect of Cd2+, Ni2+, and Co2+on Mouse Postblastocyst Development

“…It has been reported to be teratogenic in frog embryo (Plowman et al, 1991). As to in vivo 7ndings, Co 2# given to mice in early organogenesis did not inhibit the process of implantation; however, it interfered with fetal skeletal ossi7cation (Wide, 1984).…”

“…Nickel has been found to cause intrauterine mortality (Sunderman et al, 1978), growth retardation, and brain and caudal abnormalities (Saillenfait et al, 1993). Cobalt has been revealed to induce delay in skeletal ossi7cation and in embryonic and fetal development (Wide, 1984), as well as resorptions and central nervous system defects (Gale, 1980). These investigations, however, focus on the postimplantation phase and very few data are available on the effects of these metals during the peri-implantation period, when pregnancy is not yet recognized.…”

Potential for genotoxic and reprotoxic effects of vanadium compounds due to occupational and environmental exposures: An article based on a presentation at the 8th International Symposium on Vanadium Chemistry, Biological Chemistry, and Toxicology, Washington DC, August 15–18, 2012

“…Nonetheless, the researchers observed some embryotoxic effects, like increased mortality, when vanadium was administered on day 10 of pregnancy. Wide (1984) found that intravenous administration of 0.15 ml of 1 mM V 2 O 5 (V 5þ ) to mice on day 8 of gestation caused a decrease in skeletal ossification areas in 71% of fetuses, with an increased number of non-viable implants, and 9% of fetuses examined on day 17 of gestation had a broken spine.…”

Trace elements and vanadium in tissues and organs of five species of cetaceans from Italian coasts

“…The potential toxicity of V was taken into account by previous authors for other animal species. Vanadium inhibits bone formation in the mouse [34] and the growth of chicks [35]. Also, V forms phosphate complexes inhibiting ATPase enzymes [36].…”