Effect of shoot removal on remobilization of carbon and nitrogen during regrowth of nitrogen‐fixing alfalfa

Aranjuelo, Íker; Molero, Gemma; Erice, Gorka; Aldasoro, Joseba; Arrese‐Igor, Cesar; Nogués, Salvador

doi:10.1111/ppl.12222

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Under water restriction, these changes in the level of endogenous phytohormones induce changes in gene expression that affect the synthesis, production and accumulation of several metabolites as part of an osmoregulatory response, such as carbohydrates, amino acids and organic acids, in different plant organs [25]. Several studies have clearly demonstrated that N and C metabolism plays a very important role in the water stress response [12,26,27]. It has been suggested that some amino acids can be transported from shoots to nodules as systemic signals for BNF under drought conditions [8,28] and that amino acids can represent an alternative source of C and energy for the bacteroid [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Hormonal and Metabolic Responses of two Alfalfa Cultivars with Contrasting Responses to Drought

Soba

Zhou

Arrese‐Igor

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is frequently constrained by environmental conditions such as drought. Within this context, it is crucial to identify the physiological and metabolic traits conferring a better performance under stressful conditions. In the current study, two alfalfa cultivars (San Isidro and Zhong Mu) with different physiological strategies were selected and subjected to water limitation conditions. Together with the physiological analyses, we proceeded to characterize the isotopic, hormone, and metabolic profiles of the different plants. According to physiological and isotopic data, Zhong Mu has a water-saver strategy, reducing water lost by closing its stomata but fixing less carbon by photosynthesis, and therefore limiting its growth under water-stressed conditions. In contrast, San Isidro has enhanced root growth to replace the water lost through transpiration due to its more open stomata, thus maintaining its biomass. Zhong Mu nodules were less able to maintain nodule N2 fixing activity (matching plant nitrogen (N) demand). Our data suggest that this cultivar-specific performance is linked to Asn accumulation and its consequent N-feedback nitrogenase inhibition. Additionally, we observed a hormonal reorchestration in both cultivars under drought. Therefore, our results showed an intra-specific response to drought at physiological and metabolic levels in the two alfalfa cultivars studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological, Hormonal and Metabolic Responses of two Alfalfa Cultivars with Contrasting Responses to Drought

Soba

Zhou

Arrese‐Igor

et al. 2019

IJMS

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“…This indicates that the difference in root mass between invasive and native J. vulgaris was solely due to the differences in root carbohydrate storage of which invasive genotypes had allocated less to the roots. Since root carbohydrate storage has been positively associated with plant regrowth after defoliation (Donaghy and Fulkerson, 1997; Aranjuelo et al, 2015), invasive J. vulgaris is supposed to have poorer regrowth ability. This is consistent with the findings that native J. vulgaris genotypes showed better regrowth after complete defoliation by clipping in a competition-free condition in a common garden experiment (Joshi and Vrieling, 2005; Lin et al, 2018) and after herbivory by the generalist Mamestra brassicae or the specialist T. jacobaeae under intraspecific competition (Lin et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Increased Photosynthetic Capacity and Its Underlying Traits in Invasive Jacobaea vulgaris

et al. 2019

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The evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis and the shifting defense hypothesis (SDH) predict that evolutionary changes occur in a suite of traits related to defense and growth in invasive plant species as result of the absence of specialist herbivores. We tested how this suite of traits changed due to the absence of specialist herbivores in multiple invasive regions that differ in climatic conditions with native and invasive Jacobaea vulgaris in a controlled environment. We hypothesized that invasive J. vulgaris in all invasive regions have i) a higher plant growth and underlying traits, such as photosynthetic capacity, ii) lower regrowth-related traits, such as carbohydrate storage, and iii) an increased plant qualitative defense, such as pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). Our results show that invasive J. vulgaris genotypes have evolved a higher photosynthetic rate and total PA concentration but a lower investment in root carbohydrates, which supports the SDH hypothesis. All the traits changed consistently and significantly in the same direction in all four invasive regions, indicative of a parallel evolution. Climatic and soil variables did differ between ranges but explained only a very small part of the variation in trait values. The latter suggests that climate and soil changes were not the main selective forces on these traits.

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“…Alfalfa is also an important cultivated forage legume in many countries around the world. However, soil salinity and alkalinity severely affect formation of nodules and symbiotic nitrogen‐fixation capacity, and thereby restrict alfalfa yield (Aranjuelo et al ). Therefore, improving the salt–alkaline tolerance of alfalfa through transgenic molecular breeding technology will largely expand its planting area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of GsGSTU13 and SCMRP in Medicago sativa confers increased salt–alkaline tolerance and methionine content

Jia

Sun

et al. 2015

Physiologia Plantarum

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Tau-class glutathione S-transferases (GSTUs) are ubiquitous proteins encoded by a large gene family in plants, which play important roles in combating different environmental stresses. In previous studies, we constructed a Glycine soja transcriptional profile, and identified three GSTUs (GsGSTU13, GsGSTU14 and GsGSTU19) as potential salt-alkaline stress-responsive genes. Two of them, GsGSTU14 and GsGSTU19, have been shown to positively regulate plant salt-alkaline tolerance. In this study, we further demonstrated the positive function of GsGSTU13 in plant salt-alkaline stress responses by overexpressing it in Medicago sativa. Stress tolerance tests suggested that GsGSTU13 transgenic lines showed better growth and physiological indicators than wild alfalfa (cv. Zhaodong) under alkaline stress. Considering the shortage of methionine in alfalfa, we then co-transformed GsGSTU13 into two main alfalfa cultivars in Heilongjiang Province (cv. Zhaodong and cv. Nongjing No. 1) together with SCMRP, a synthesized gene that could improve the methionine content. We found that GsGSTU13/SCMRP transgenic alfalfa displayed not only higher methionine content but also higher tolerance to alkaline and salt stresses, respectively. Taken together, our results demonstrate that GsGSTU13 acts as a positive regulator in plant responses to salt and alkaline stresses, and can be used as a good candidate for generation of salt-alkaline tolerant crops.

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Effect of shoot removal on remobilization of carbon and nitrogen during regrowth of nitrogen‐fixing alfalfa

Abstract: The contribution of carbon and nitrogen reserves to regrowth following shoot removal and the processes involved in the reduction of nodule functioning were studied in alfalfa plants (Medicago sativa L.

Cited by 24 publications

References 52 publications

Physiological, Hormonal and Metabolic Responses of two Alfalfa Cultivars with Contrasting Responses to Drought

Physiological, Hormonal and Metabolic Responses of two Alfalfa Cultivars with Contrasting Responses to Drought

Evolution of Increased Photosynthetic Capacity and Its Underlying Traits in Invasive Jacobaea vulgaris

Overexpression of GsGSTU13 and SCMRP in Medicago sativa confers increased salt–alkaline tolerance and methionine content

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