Effect of serpentine and sodium hexametaphosphate on ascharite flotation

Li, Zhi-Hang; Han, Yuexin; Li, Yanjun; Gao, Peng

doi:10.1016/s1003-6326(17)60207-3

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The finer the serpentine was, the lower the flotation recovery of pyrite was. The results shown in Figure 2 are consistent with previous studies by Feng and Li [14,24].…”

Section: Flotationsupporting

confidence: 92%

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A Novel Method to Limit the Adverse Effect of Fine Serpentine on the Flotation of Pyrite

et al. 2018

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A novel method to limit the adverse effect of fine serpentine on the flotation of pyrite was investigated in this paper. The flotation results showed that coarser serpentine possessed a weaker depression effect on the pyrite flotation process, and the use of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O could efficiently limit the detrimental effect of fine serpentine on pyrite with a maximum increase of pyrite recovery from 14% to 86% at pH 9.0. The results of particle size measurements and rheological measurements exhibited that the addition of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O increased the particle size of serpentine buta hrdly affected the particle size of pyrite, then limited the formation of serpentine-pyrite aggregates. Adsorption test results showed that the adsorption density of potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) onto pyrite regained with the addition of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O, thereby achieving good flotation improvement. It can be concluded that KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O is likely to be an effective pyrite flotation reagent, especially in the presence of fine serpentine.Aluminum potassium sulfate dodecahydrate (KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O), which is commonly known as potassium alum, has been most commonly used as an inorganic coagulant for decades due to its characteristics of nontoxicity, cheapness, and wide sources [15,16]. KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O hydrolyzes to form an amorphous floc of Al(OH) 3 (s) to coagulate small particles into large flocs by its high adsorption affinity in aqueous solution [17,18]. However, the utilization of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O to remove the depressant of fine serpentine on the flotation of sulphide minerals has not been studied previously, and thus it was chosen as a potential coagulant in removing slime coatings of fine serpentine from sulphide minerals in this study. Pyrite is the most widespread and abundant of naturally occurring metal sulphides, and is always associated with magnesium silicate minerals [19,20]. Therefore, it was chosen as the valuable mineral in this paper. The effect of KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ·12H 2 O on the flotation process was evaluated through single mineral flotation, particle size measurements, rheology measurements, and adsorption measurements. Materials and Methods Samples and ReagentsThe serpentine and pyrite minerals used for all the experiments were obtained from Donghai, Jiangsu Province, and Yunfu, Guangdong Province of China, respectively. Serpentine and pyrite samples were crushed to −1 mm in a laboratory roll crusher and grounded using an agate mortar and pestle to the designed fraction. Here, −150 + 74 µm, −74 + 38 µm, and −10 µm serpentine and −150 + 74 µm pyrite particles were used for the flotation tests; the −10 µm serpentine and −150 + 74 µm pyrite particles were used for particle size measurements and rheology measurements; and the −10 µm serpentine and −38 µm pyrite particles were used for the adsorption measurements. According to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), shown in Figure 1, the serpentine sample constituted 98% serpentine and 2% chlorite, and the purity of pyrite was higher...

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“…The finer the serpentine was, the lower the flotation recovery of pyrite was. The results shown in Figure 2 are consistent with previous studies by Feng and Li [14,24].…”

Section: Flotationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The finer the serpentine was, the lower the flotation recovery of pyrite was. The results shown in Figure 2 are consistent with previous studies by Feng and Li [14,24]. Figure 3 shows the flotation recovery of pyrite as a function of the concentration of KAl(SO4)2·12H2O in the presence and absence of −10 µm serpentine at pH 9.0.…”

Section: Flotationsupporting

confidence: 90%

A Novel Method to Limit the Adverse Effect of Fine Serpentine on the Flotation of Pyrite

et al. 2018

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“…Many previous studies demonstrated that the slime coating on the mineral surface was dominated by electrostatic forces [34,35,44,45]. The heterocoagulation phenomenon can be explained by the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory [61,62], in which the total energy V T between chalcopyrite particles and Mg(OH) 2 colloids equals Van der Waals interaction energy V W and electrostatic double-layer interaction energy V E , according to Equation (4) [61,63].…”

Section: Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 8a shows the spectrum of SHMP, where the peaks at 1274.7 and 881.8.52 cm −1 corresponded to the characteristic adsorption peak of P=O and P-O-P, respectively, while the peaks located at 1093.3 and 1019.3 cm −1 were assigned to P-O stretching vibration [31,34,44,45]. No significant difference was observed in Figure 8b-d, indicating that SHMP was not chemisorbed on chalcopyrite surface [32,45].…”

Section: Ftir Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Xiao

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Sea water has been used in flotation plants, showing a promising way to save fresh water usage. Previous studies indicated that divalent salts in sea water played negative roles in chalcopyrite flotation, but not much work have been conducted to understand the eliminating mechanisms. This study systematically investigated the effects of divalent cations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ on natural flotability of chalcopyrite in the absence of collectors and frothers. The reduced recovery was mainly due to the adsorption of Mg and Ca hydroxyl complexes and precipitation on chalcopyrite surfaces, giving rise to a less hydrophobic surface. The addition of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), however, significantly improved chalcopyrite recovery. Species calculation, contact angle, zeta potential, FTIR and XPS analyses were conducted to understand the influencing mechanisms of divalent ions and the beneficial effects of SHMP on chalcopyrite recovery. The primary mechanism was that SHMP prevented the adsorption of positively charged Mg and Ca compounds or precipitation with hydrophilic properties such as Mg(OH) 2 on chalcopyrite surfaces, confirmed by the Derjguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Secondly, SHMP reacted with Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ to form dissolvable complexes, thereby declining the formation of insoluble Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ compounds or precipitation.

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“…It is also widely used in the mineral processing industry, especially in the floatation. SHMP is used as a dispersant and depressant of minerals in flotation [31][32][33][34][35]. In addition, SHMP can be used to depress calcite [24], but it also has a strong depressive effect on scheelite.…”

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confidence: 99%

Use of Sodium Hexametaphosphate and Citric Acid Mixture as Depressant in the Flotation Separation of Scheelite from Calcite

et al. 2019

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The floatability of scheelite and calcite in the presence of single depressant (SHMP or H 3 Cit) and mixed depressant (SHMP/H 3 Cit) was studied by microflotation experiments and artificial mixed mineral experiments. Solution chemical calculation, zeta potential tests, thermodynamic analysis and XPS analysis were used to explain the relevant depressive mechanism. Mixed depressant (SHMP/H 3 Cit) exhibited excellent selective depressive effect on calcite. The optimal molar ratio of SHMP to H 3 Cit was 1:4. The depressant SHMP and H 3 Cit can be chemically bonded with Ca 2+ to form CaHPO 4 and Ca 3 (Cit) 2 at pH 8. The CaHPO 4 was more easily formed than Ca 3 (Cit) 2 on the mineral surface, which indicated that the depressive effect of SHMP was stronger than H 3 Cit. The SHMP and H 3 Cit of the mixed depressant were co-adsorbed on the calcite surface, while the H 3 Cit of the mixed depressant was weakly adsorbed on the scheelite surface. The mixed depressant can significantly improve the separation efficiency of scheelite from calcite. Sodium silicate (water glass) has been widely used as a depressant in flotation of scheelite from calcite [23]. However, sodium silicate also has some disadvantages as a depressant, such as frequent acidification, narrow optimum pH range, and weak selectivity. Single phosphates are also used for calcite depressants, but they are often limited by their weak selectivity, so mixed reagents are often required [24]. Organic macromolecular depressants have also received attention. Zhang et al. studied the role of sodium polyacrylate in flotation separation of scheelite and calcite [25]. However, sodium polyacrylate also has an unfavorable inhibitory effect on scheelite over a wide range of pH conditions, with poor flotation selectivity. Carboxymethyl cellulose has also been studied as a depressant in the flotation separation of scheelite from calcite [26], but it is difficult to dissolve carboxymethyl cellulose at room temperature, which is not conducive to flotation. In view of the shortcomings of the above single depressants, such as poor collecting ability, weak selectivity, and large dosage, it is often necessary to use mixed depressant to achieve flotation separation between scheelite and gangue minerals.Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is a clean, non-toxic phosphate that is widely used in the food industry and the chemical industry [27,28]. It can be used as a chelating reagent for metal ions, an adhesive, and a swelling reagent [29,30]. It is also widely used in the mineral processing industry, especially in the floatation. SHMP is used as a dispersant and depressant of minerals in flotation [31][32][33][34][35]. In addition, SHMP can be used to depress calcite [24], but it also has a strong depressive effect on scheelite. Citric acid (H 3 Cit) is also a clean, non-toxic organic acid and is a tricarboxylic acid compound. It is mainly used in the food industry, chemical industry, textile industry, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries [36][37][38]. Citric acid can be used as depress...

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Effect of serpentine and sodium hexametaphosphate on ascharite flotation

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

A Novel Method to Limit the Adverse Effect of Fine Serpentine on the Flotation of Pyrite

A Novel Method to Limit the Adverse Effect of Fine Serpentine on the Flotation of Pyrite

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Use of Sodium Hexametaphosphate and Citric Acid Mixture as Depressant in the Flotation Separation of Scheelite from Calcite

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