Effect of Selenium on the Iron Homeostasis and Oxidative Damage in Brain and Liver of Mice

Abstract

Selenium is an essential trace element that maintains normal brain function, mainly due its antioxidant properties. Although the amount of Se in the body is tightly regulated by the liver, both an excess of and deficiency in Se can modulate the cellular redox status and affect the homeostasis of other essential elements for both humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inorganic selenium excess on oxidative stress and iron homeostasis in brain and liver of laboratory BALB/c mice, which were supplemented with Na2SeO3 solution (0.2 mg and 0.4 mg Se/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. The content of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme catalase activity/gene expression were used as markers of oxidative damage and were evaluated by spectrophotometric assays. Selenium and iron concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Catalase gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR and ΔΔCt methods. Our results showed that doses of 0.2 mg Se and 0.4 mg Se caused a relatively low accumulation of Se in the brain of mice; however, it induced a 10-fold increase in its accumulation in the liver and also increased iron accumulation in both tested organs. Both doses of Se increased the content of malondialdehyde as well as decreased catalase activity in the liver, while the 0.4 mg Se dose has also activated catalase gene expression. Brain of mice exposed to 0.2 mg Se showed reduced lipid peroxidation; however, the exposure to 0.4 mg of Se increased the catalase activity as well as gene expression. One may conclude that exposure to both doses of Se caused the accumulation of this micronutrient in mice brain and liver and have also provided a disrupting effect on the levels of iron. Both doses of Se have triggered oxidative liver damage. In the brain, the effect of Se was dose dependent, where −0.2 mg of Se provided antioxidant activity, which was observed through a decrease in lipid peroxidation. On the contrary, the 0.4 mg dose increased brain catalase activity as well as gene expression, which may have contributed to maintaining brain lipid peroxidation at the control level.

Microencapsulation of Erythrocytes Extracted from Cavia porcellus Blood in Matrices of Tara Gum and Native Potato Starch

“…It promotes the production of proteins, hemoglobin, and oxygen transport, regulates cell development [ 2 ], neuronal [ 3 ], and helps eliminate carbon dioxide. Insufficiency [ 4 ] or overexposure to iron [ 5 ] has notorious effects on human health [ 6 ] since it causes damage to the heart, liver, and central nervous system. This condition is determined by absorption, metabolism, and degree of interaction in physiological processes [ 7 ].…”

“…Insufficiency [4] or overexposure to iron [5] has notorious effects on human health [6] since it causes damage to the heart, liver, and central nervous system. This condition is determined by absorption, metabolism, and degree of interaction in physiological processes [7].…”

Dynamic changes of serum metabolite profiling in septic mice based on high performance liquid chromatography of quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry analysis

“…29 A decrease in plasma lipid levels and an increase in liver lipid levels were observed, indicating that lipids were transported to the liver to provide energy. 30 Studies have also revealed that metabolism shifts toward a "stress state," which occurs when cytokines and catecholamines are present. 30 It includes the activation of hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, and systemic insulin resistance, leading to hyperglycemia.…”

“…30 Studies have also revealed that metabolism shifts toward a "stress state," which occurs when cytokines and catecholamines are present. 30 It includes the activation of hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, and systemic insulin resistance, leading to hyperglycemia. 31 As a result of an increase in hepatic lipolysis, a higher concentration of plasma-free fatty acids and proteolysis, which is able to promote the release of amino acids from skeletal muscles, were investigated.…”

Cathodal bilateral transcranial direct‐current stimulation regulates selenium to confer neuroprotection after rat cerebral ischaemia–reperfusion injury

“…Each sample underwent nitration using 25% nitric acid, dilution with 30% hydrogen peroxide, and was ultimately stabilized in ultra‐pure water. An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) parameter iCAPQ instrument (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was used to conduct the elemental analysis (Staneviciene et al., 2022). We maintained result accuracy by implementing internal and external quality controls, which included utilizing ultra‐pure water and reagents.…”