Effect of Selected Fruit Wastes on Hematological Parameters in DEN-Induced Hepatic Carcinoma in Rats

Abstract

Fruits and processed food demand has greatly increased due to which a huge amount of fruit waste is generated. In this study, the effect of the ethanolic extract of waste material Punica granatum (pomegranate) peel and Vitis vinifera (grapes) seeds was evaluated on hematological parameters in Wistar rats with diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocellular carcinoma. The treatments were divided into four groups: Group 1 was untreated while Groups 2-4 received 200 mg/kg body weight of DEN by single intraperitoneal administration. Groups 3 and 4 received DEN and co-treated with 400 mg/kg pomegranate peel extract and 400 mg/kg grape seed extract, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the body weight of animals in Group 2, while Group 3 and 4 animals were found to have a significant rise in body weight. The weight of the liver was significantly increased in the cancer-bearing group and its size was significantly reverted in the treated groups. The kidney and spleen showed a significant decrease in size of cancer-induced groups, and these organs significantly increased in treated groups. Hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBC), neutrophil, packed cell volume (PCV), Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) were significantly reduced in Group 2 animals compared to Group 1. The levels of white blood cells (WBC) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were increased significantly in Group 2 animals relating to Group 1. Both in Group 3 and 4 animals, these changes were reversed. Results reveal that selected fruit wastes alleviate vital hematological parameters in hepatocellular carcinoma-induced rats.