Effect of seasonal variation and solvent systems on estimation of phytochemicals and screening of anthelmintic activity of Kydia calycina Roxb. Leaf.

Abstract

Kydia calycina (KC) is commonly known as Kydia tree belongs to the family Malvaceae. The tree has many ethanobotanical uses like leaves are used for treatment of skin diseases, abscess, wounds, cuts, boils, body pain, roots are used as anti-rheumatic etc. The present study was aimed to investigate anthelmintic activity of various solvent extracted leaves and to understand the influence of seasonal variations on phytoconstituents content and screening of the said activity. Leaves were extracted with aqueous, methanol and equi-mixure of aqueous and methanol solvents (1:1). Various proximate analysis like presence of moisture content, extractive values, total ash value, water and acid soluble ash were estimated as per IP-1996. Thereafter preliminary phytoconstituents screening of all the individual leaf extracts were carried out as per the standard method described. Furthermore anthelmintic activity was carried out against Pheretima posthuma (Earthworms) at varied concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml and compared with standard Albendazole (12.5 and 25 mg/ml) and distilled water as control. Results revealed the presence of glycoside, carbohydrates, steroids and terpenoids in various extracts with varied ranges of results in proximate analysis. Furthermore the highest anthelmintic activity was showed by the equal mixture of aqueous and methanol extract (paralysis at 4.47± 0.23 min followed by death at 10.14± 1.02 min at 100 mg/ml) when compared with the standard Albendazole (paralysis at 2.14± 0.04 min followed by death at 4.21± 0.11 min at 12.5 mg/ml). Results concluded that KC leaf has significant dose dependent anthelmintic activity based on the selected solvents for extraction, type of constituent present and influenced by seasonal variations.

Phytochemical Screening for Various Secondary Metabolites, Antioxidant, and Anthelmintic Activity of Coscinium fenestratum Fruit Pulp: A New Biosource for Novel Drug Discovery

“…31 The results of this study are in agreement with the extraction yields of some medicinal plants. 32,33 Phytochemical screening Various chemical tests were performed to detect the presence of secondary metabolites. The results are tabulated in Table 4.…”

“…This is because of the high solubility of the alkaloids in the combined extract rather than in individual extracts (Table 5). 31,33…”