Effect of seasonal exposure to pollen on specific bronchial sensitivity in allergic patients

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008*

“…An allergic reaction significantly increases the reactivity of the nose because of the priming effect initially described by Connell (72,74,(1307)(1308)(1309). This effect may be seen for up to 6 weeks.…”

“…These exposure units are mostly used to assess the efficacy of antiallergic treatments. However, there are pitfalls in these studies because the priming effect on the nasal mucosa is not considered in most studies (72,74,(1307)(1308)(1309) and the results of the challenges may not accord with the clinical data obtained from RCTs. These chambers are commonly used to assess the onset of action of medications.…”

Cooking birch pollen–related food: Divergent consequences for IgE- and T cell–mediated reactivity in vitro and in vivo

“…It is well known that inhalation of pollen allergens during the pollen season boosts the allergen-specific immune response (ie, induces local and systemic IgE synthesis and CD4 1 memory T cells). [32][33][34] However, outside the pollen season, specific serum IgE levels typically are maintained at increased levels, although no allergens are encountered. Our data provide strong evidence that symptom-free consumption of birch pollen-related foods leads to activation of pollen-specific T cells in vivo.…”

Modulation of Inhaled Antigen-Induced IgE Tolerance by Ongoing Th2 Responses in the Lung

“…Thus, although unresponsiveness is likely to be the normal response to aerosol inhalation for most nominal Ags, sensitization can occur in some individuals to otherwise harmless Ags. The result of this sensitization can include elevated production of Ag-specific IL-4 and IgE, which, in turn, can result in bronchial hyperresponsiveness, cellular infiltration, allergy, and asthma (22)(23)(24).…”