Effect of scribes on patient throughput, revenue, and patient and provider satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Heaton, Heather A.; Castañeda-Guarderas, Ana; Trotter, Elliott R.; Erwin, Patricia J.; Bellolio, M. Fernanda

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2016.07.056

Cited by 65 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…They completed a meta-analysis of four studies that reported patients per hour changes with scribes, and found a small 0.17 Pt/hour increase. There was no significant impact on TAT to discharge or patient LOS 9. These results were similar to a recent study which found a 0.11 Pt/hr increase with scribes 11.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

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Impact of Physician Navigators on productivity indicators in the ED

et al. 2017

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Heaton et al published a systematic review on the effect of scribes in the ED 9. They completed a meta-analysis of four studies that reported patients per hour changes with scribes, and found a small 0.17 Pt/hour increase.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Physician Navigators on productivity indicators in the ED

et al. 2017

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“…Two systematic reviews found, using data from observational studies, that scribes may improve revenue, patient and physician satisfaction, productivity, efficiency, and the quality of patient-physician interactions. 24,25 There has been no randomized controlled study of scribes, and few studies have been undertaken in the primary care setting. Given that most office visits are to primary care physicians, 26 research in this setting is particularly warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Scribes on Physician Satisfaction, Patient Satisfaction, and Charting Efficiency: A Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2017

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PURPOSE Scribes are increasingly being used in clinical practice despite a lack of high-quality evidence regarding their effects. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of medical scribes on physician satisfaction, patient satisfaction, and charting efficiency. METHODSWe conducted a randomized controlled trial in which physicians in an academic family medicine clinic were randomized to 1 week with a scribe then 1 week without a scribe for the course of 1 year. Scribes drafted all relevant documentation, which was reviewed by the physician before attestation and signing. In encounters without a scribe, the physician performed all charting duties. Our outcomes were physician satisfaction, measured by a 5-item instrument that included physicians' perceptions of chart quality and chart accuracy; patient satisfaction, measured by a 6-item instrument; and charting efficiency, measured by time to chart close. RESULTSScribes improved all aspects of physician satisfaction, including overall satisfaction with clinic (OR = 10.75), having enough face time with patients (OR = 3.71), time spent charting (OR = 86.09), chart quality (OR = 7.25), and chart accuracy (OR = 4.61) (all P values <.001). Scribes had no effect on patient satisfaction. Scribes increased the proportion of charts that were closed within 48 hours (OR =1.18, P = .028).CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, we have conducted the first randomized controlled trial of scribes. We found that scribes produced significant improvements in overall physician satisfaction, satisfaction with chart quality and accuracy, and charting efficiency without detracting from patient satisfaction. Scribes appear to be a promising strategy to improve health care efficiency and reduce physician burnout.

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“…studies of scribes are few and offer very limited qualitative data. 9,10 Few studies have explored the perspectives of physicians, scribes, and patients regarding scribes in primary care. 11,12 To our knowledge, no longitudinal observational study of scribes has examined their impact on physicians' daily work, attitudes and behaviors, and relationships with patients and the workplace.…”

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confidence: 99%

One Year of Family Physicians' Observations on Working with Medical Scribes

et al. 2018

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Purpose:The immense clerical burden felt by physicians is one of the leading causes of burnout. Scribes are increasingly being used to help alleviate this burden, yet few published studies investigate how scribes affect physicians' daily work, attitudes and behaviors, and relationships with patients and the workplace.Methods: Using a longitudinal observational design, data were collected, over 1 year, from 4 physicians working with 2 scribes at a single academic family medicine practice. Physician experience was measured by open-ended written reflections requested after each 4-hour clinic session. A data-driven codebook was generated using a constant comparative method with grounded theory approach.Results: A total of 361 physician reflections were completed, yielding 150 distinct excerpts; 289 codes were assigned. The 11 themes that emerged were further categorized under 4 domains. The most frequently recurring domain was clinic operations, which comprised 51.6% of the codes. Joy of practice, quality of care, and patient experience comprised 22.1%, 16.3%, and 10.0% of the codes, respectively.Conclusions: Our study suggests that integrating scribes into a primary care clinic can produce positive outcomes that go beyond reducing clerical burden for physicians. Scribes may benefit patient experience, quality of care, clinic operations, and joy of practice. (J Am Board Fam Med 2018;31:49 -56.)

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Effect of scribes on patient throughput, revenue, and patient and provider satisfaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 65 publications

References 22 publications

Impact of Physician Navigators on productivity indicators in the ED

Impact of Physician Navigators on productivity indicators in the ED

Impact of Scribes on Physician Satisfaction, Patient Satisfaction, and Charting Efficiency: A Randomized Controlled Trial

One Year of Family Physicians' Observations on Working with Medical Scribes

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