Effect of Salt Stress on Growth, Physiological Parameters, and Ionic Concentration of Water Dropwort (Oenanthe javanica) Cultivars

Abstract

Salt stress is an important environmental limiting factor. Water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica) is an important vegetable in East Asia; however, its phenotypic and physiological response is poorly explored. For this purpose, 48 cultivars of water dropwort were grown hydroponically and treated with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mm NaCl for 14 days. Than their phenotypic responses were evaluated, afterward, physiological studies were carried out in selected sensitive and tolerant cultivars. In the present study, the potential tolerant (V11E0022) and sensitive (V11E0135) cultivars were selected by screening 48 cultivars based on their phenotype under four different levels of salt concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 200 mm). The results depicted that plant height, number of branches and leaves were less effected in V11E0022, and most severe reduction was observed in V11E0135 in comparison with others. Than the changes in biomass, ion contents, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and activities of antioxidant enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants were determined in the leaves and roots of the selected cultivars. The potential tolerant cultivar (V11E0022) showed less reduction of water content and demonstrated low levels of Na+ uptake, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in both leaves and roots. Moreover, the tolerant cultivar (V11E0022) showed high antioxidant activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and high accumulation of proline and soluble sugars compared to the sensitive cultivar (V11E0135). These results suggest the potential tolerance of V11E0022 cultivar against salt stress with low detrimental effects and a good antioxidant defense system. The observations also suggest good antioxidant capacity of water dropwort against salt stress. The findings of the present study also suggest that the number of branches and leaves, GSH, proline, soluble sugars, APX, and CAT could serve as the efficient markers for understanding the defense mechanisms of water dropwort under the conditions of salt stress.

Volatile Organic Compounds of the Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria JZ-GX1 Enhanced the Tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia to Salt Stress

“…The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was determined with SOD assay kit and was presented as U/gFW. One unit of SOD activity is the amount of extract that gives 50% inhibition in reducing xanthine monitored at 560nm ( Sunjeet et al, 2021 ). peroxidase (POD) activity was measured by using a POD assay kit based on the POD-catalyzed oxidation of a specific substrate by H 2 O 2 witvh characteristic light absorption at 470nm and expressed as U/gFW.…”

“…Similarly, the activity of CAT was measured with a CAT assay kit and was presented as U/gFW. One unit of CAT activity is the amount of enzyme which causes the decomposition of 1μmol H 2 O 2 per minute in 1mg fresh sample at 37°C ( Sunjeet et al, 2021 ). The glutathione reductase (GSH) content was determined with a glutathione assay kit according to the DTNB [5, 5, − dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)] method.…”

Comparative Physiological and Proteomic Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms of Brassinolide-Mediated Tolerance to Calcium Nitrate Stress in Tomato

“…From that context, indifferent H 2 O 2 accumulation between Ca and Ca+BR after 5 days of stress cannot be conducive to the inefficacy of BR treatment in minimizing ROS. In the study on water dropwort, it was found that stress conditions could promote the accumulation of Pro and soluble sugar in plants ( Kumar et al, 2021 ). However, the effects of exogenous BR on Pro accumulation under stress were inconsistent in different studies.…”

The Contrivance of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes to Mitigate Climate Change Impact in Agriculture

“…Osmotic stress occurs as a result of the excessive concentration of salts, decreased water potential and plants' inability to uptake water. Consequently, this leads to an ion imbalance in the plants and accumulation of salts ions in plant tissues [68,69]. This can contribute to heavy damage to plant metabolisms, which can further lead to stunted plant growth and reduced yield [65].…”