Effect of saddleback syndrome and vertebral deformity on the body shape and size in hatchery-reared juvenile red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara (Perciformes: Serranidae): a geometric morphometric approach

Setiadi, Eri; Tsumura, Seiichi; Kassam, Daud; Yamaoka, Kiyoshi

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006.00524.x

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…akaara, Setiadi et al, 2006) or orange (E. coioides, Toledo, 2000) spotted groupers, but no comparison among incidences in larvae reared with different rearing modalities has been given. Further, some of…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal anomalies in dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) juveniles reared with different methodologies and larval densities

et al. 2009

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This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T Skeletal anomalies in reared dusky grouper juveniles ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTThe first attempts to reproduce dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus, Lowe 1834) under controlled conditions started in 1995, but the egg and larvae quality was very low. Mass production is still encountering many difficulties, mainly concentrated in the larval period when very high mortality rates are observed, confirming what has been observed in the rearing of other grouper species. The main bottlenecks have been identified as the difficulty to properly nourish the larvae, stress shock syndrome, and the high deformation rates.We analysed 633 dusky grouper larvae and juveniles (0.2-7.2 cm total length, TL), sampled during two larval rearing cycles carried out in 2001 and 2002 in Italy. The specimens at different development stages were stained in toto for bone and cartilage and examined for skeletal anomalies during dusky grouper ontogenesis. The incidence of anomalies in groupers hatched from the same egg batch but reared using two different methods (green waters and semi-intensive rearing) and three stocking densities (8, 16 and 28 larvae/l) was compared, with a view to providing tools for identifying the most appropriate larval rearing method in order to at least limit the onset of skeletal anomalies.Our results suggest that during development no particular skeletal anomaly patterns (or fate) can be clearly identified as a high variability was observed in malformation typologies and the regions affected.No significant differences in the morphological quality between groupers reared using semi-intensive (LV02 lot) and green water (GW02-01 lot) methodologies were observed, whilst groupers reared at the highest stocking density (28 larvae/l) showed the highest frequency of deformed individuals (75.8%), the highest malformation charge (average of 5.5 anomalies per deformed individual), the largest range of anomaly typologies (38), and the highest incidence of individuals with at least one severe anomaly (30.9%). Whilst in green waters no evident effects of larvae density were observed on survival rates, the survival rate in large volume reared individuals (17.5%) was considerably higher with respect to those reared in green waters (0.2%) at 7-8 larvae/litre. This indicates that the semi-intensive methodology should be considered more effective in enhancing the survival rate of dusky grouper larvae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal anomalies in dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) juveniles reared with different methodologies and larval densities

et al. 2009

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“…; Setiadi et al . ; Koumoundouros ; Al‐Mamry et al . ), although members of the family Sparidae appear to be particularly susceptible (Browder et al .…”

Section: Prevalence Of Saddleback Deformities In Acanthopagrus Austramentioning

confidence: 99%

Saddleback deformities in yellowfin bream, Acanthopagrus australis (Günther), from South East Queensland

Diggles

2012

Journal of Fish Diseases

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“…Deformities that were widely observed in grouper larviculture, including E. marginatus, E. akaara and E. septemfasciatus, were associated with weaker swimming ability, slower growth rate, lower survival, easier susceptibility to stress and bacteria (Boglione et al, 2009;Nagano et al, 2007;Setiadi, Tsumura, Kassam, & Yamaoka, 2006). The causes for deformities were genetic and epigenetic, but the detailed mechanisms remained unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryonic and larval development of a hybrid between kelp grouper Epinephelus moara ♀ × giant grouper E. lanceolatus ♂ using cryopreserved sperm

et al. 2018

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Hybridization was used to take advantage of desirable traits in offspring. In the present study, we applied the cryopreserved Epinephelus lanceolatus sperm into interspecific hybridization with E. moara. Successful hybridization between these two species was achieved and cultured in 23–24°C seawater (34‰). There was no difference in survival rate between hybrid (E. moara ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) and non‐hybrid (E. moara ♀ × E. moara ♂) at 24 hrs post hatch (HPH), but less hybrid (14.35 ± 8.02%) hatched than non‐hybrid (93.60 ± 1.65%), which might be due to irregularity cell cleavage and skeletal deformities from the formation of embryonic body to the later embryonic development. Similar phenomenon was found in hybrid embryos from fertilization with fresh sperm, indicating that species variations between parents, rather than cryopreserved sperm, resulted in deformities in embryos. Mean hatch time of the hybrid was 1 hr faster than that of E. moara. The hybrid was 1.95 ± 0.06 mm in total length when newly hatched and reached 38.00 mm at 58 days post hatch (DPH), which showed faster growth than E. moara (recorded in the previous study). Considering its faster growth, E. moara × E. lanceolatus hybrid was a potential breeding production in aquaculture. Over 212,000,000 larvae have been produced and launched in the market since 2015. The results of this study also shed some lights on further comparative studies in grouper hybrid performance.

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Effect of saddleback syndrome and vertebral deformity on the body shape and size in hatchery-reared juvenile red spotted grouper, Epinephelus akaara (Perciformes: Serranidae): a geometric morphometric approach

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Skeletal anomalies in dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) juveniles reared with different methodologies and larval densities

Skeletal anomalies in dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe 1834) juveniles reared with different methodologies and larval densities

Saddleback deformities in yellowfin bream, Acanthopagrus australis (Günther), from South East Queensland

Embryonic and larval development of a hybrid between kelp grouper Epinephelus moara ♀ × giant grouper E. lanceolatus ♂ using cryopreserved sperm

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