Effect of sacrificial agents on the photoelectrochemical properties of titanium dioxide co-doped with tungsten and manganese as new visible light active

Critical factors for photoelectrochemical and photocatalytic H2 evolution from gray anatase (001) nanosheets

“…Other measures to accelerate the reaction kinetics include surface decoration with noble metal co-catalysts to create Schottky junctions [18], forming heterojunctions with other semiconductors or between different TiO 2 phases [19], doping with various elements [19], tuning the structural properties (e.g., via maximizing the effective surface area [20][21][22][23], or creating specific crystal facets) [24] or utilizing, as mentioned above, sacrificial reagents (e.g. hole scavengers) to aid electron-hole separation [25][26][27]. Only recently, following the discovery of 'black' TiO 2 by Chen and Mao in 2011 [28][29][30][31], defect engineering rose to prominence as an effective approach to modifying the electronic properties of TiO 2 in a favorable way for photocatalytic applications.…”