Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Spirulina platensis on Suppressing Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita Infecting Banana Plants under Greenhouse Conditions

Abstract

Banana production is severely hindered by plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) worldwide. Chemical nematicide, oxamyl is a systematic compound widely applied for the control of PPNs. Because of increase pests' problems, harmful effects on human and environment caused by chemical pesticides and also increased consumer requirements for safe crops have encouraged research on bio-pesticides production. So, the effect of different stress of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and blue green algae (cyanobacteria), Spirulina platensis were examined on banana plants infected with root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita. All tested treatments were effective methods to manage M. incognita in soil samples and banana roots. Notably, the usage of S. cerevisiae and S. platensis in combination treatment revealed the greater antagonistic action on M. incognita in potted banana. In addition it has an avail advantage over artificial nematicides by having several means to attack the RKN and mainly enhanced plant growth compared to any other treatments. Yet, the previous treatment had increased catalase (CAT) enzyme activity and reduced pectin methyl esterase (PME) activity in banana plant that leads to inhibit the count of the RKN. Generally, our results supply a novel knowledge to understand of PPNs management as a new approach for applying bio-fertilizer and bio-control of the parasitic nematodes.

Potential of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Integration with Organic Amendments Towards Root–Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on Soybean

“…Soil drench with both S. platensis and S. cerevisiae gave better performance in plant vigor and nematode control providing soybean with various compounds (phytohormones and proteins) which led to an increment in major elements (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium) and the photosynthetic pigments. This finding was conformed with that of Hamouda et al, (2019) who reported that the usage of S. cerevisiae and S. platensis in combination treatment revealed the greater antagonistic action on M. incognita in potted banana. The presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, phenylalanine, and antioxidants in yeast and cyanobacterium algal extract may affect nematode penetration and reduce gall formation (Chtourou et al, 2015).…”

“…21, No.2 (2022) Extracts and exudates of cyanobacterium have been reported to inhibit egg hatching and cause immobility and mortality of 2 nd juveniles of plant parasitic nematodes in vitro (Holajjer et al, 2013). Various studies have shown the nematicidal potential of S. platensis against root-knot nematode (Sharma et al, 2007;Shawky et al, 2009;Hamouda et al, 2019;El-Eslamboly et al, 2019). Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a promising plant growth promoter for different crops as well as a biocontrol agent of root-knot nematodes (Karajeh 2013;Mokbel and Alharbi 2014;Youssef and El-Nagdi, 2018).…”

“…Yeast increases plant resistance against harmful pests, especially parasitic nematodes, by increasing the concentration of total phenolic compounds in the roots (Karajeh, 2013). Hamouda et al (2019) revealed that the usage of S. cerevisiae and S. platensis in combined treatment revealed the greater antagonistic action on M. incognita in potted banana. The addition of organic amendments may improve soil structure and fertility, so that plant vigor improves and plants are better able to tolerate the effects of nematodes (Stirling, 1991;El-Nagdi et al, 2019), but direct effects on nematodes may occur through the release of toxic compounds during decomposition, stimulation of natural enemies or through changes in the level of plant resistance.…”

Cyanobacteria: A Futuristic Effective Tool in Sustainable Agriculture

“…By coming into touch with plant roots, cyanobacteria can trigger several nematode defense mechanisms in plants. In order to combat M. incognita, S. platensis increases the catalase activity in the roots of banana plants [106] and stimulates the production of the plant defense compound jasmonic acid in tomato plants [107].…”

Effect of some Amino Acids and Yeast on Root-knot Disease on Tomato Plants

“…The yeast, S. cerevisiae, reduced infection of M. incognita on Egyptian henbane, Hyoscyamus muticus, and increased its growth (Youssef & Soliman 1997). Hamouda et al (2019) found that S. cerevisiae suppressed the nematode criteria in roots and soil of M. incognita infecting banana roots and also enhanced its growth. Spraying tomato plants with yeast was increased plant growth, chlorophyll in leaf tissues, NPK uptake and increased pod setting as well as total yield, average fruit weight and total solid salts (El-Ghamriny et al, 1999).…”