Effect of Roasting Time and Cryogenic Milling on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Dried Ginseng Powder

Jeong, Hayeong; Park, Dong Hyeon; Seo, Han Geuk; Choi, Mi‐Jung; Cho, Young-Jae

doi:10.20944/preprints202001.0097.v1

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 33 publications

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“…An authenticated voucher specimen (KULBM‐1906) was deposited in the Herbarium at the College of Sang‐Huh Life Sciences, Konkuk University (Seoul, Korea). The leaves were milled using a cryogenic milling machine as described previously (Jeong et al., 2020). Dried powder of ginseng leaves (20 g) was extracted three times with distilled water for 30 min at 95°C with rotation of 200 rpm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginseng leaf extract ameliorates the survival of endotoxemic mice by inhibiting the release of high mobility group box 1

et al. 2021

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High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a well‐defined mediator involved in the pathophysiologic response to endotoxemia and sepsis. However, the mechanisms and therapeutic agents that could prevent its release are not fully elucidated. Here, the present study demonstrates that the ginseng leaf extract (GLE) regulates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐triggered release of HMGB1 in macrophages and endotoxemic animal model. Treatment of RAW264.7 macrophages with GLE significantly inhibited the release of HMGB1 stimulated by LPS. GLE also suppressed the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in a dose‐dependent manner. These effects of GLE were accompanied by inhibition of HMGB1 release stimulated by LPS, indicating a potential mechanism by which GLE regulates HMGB1 release through NO signaling. Furthermore, induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 by GLE‐mediated GLE‐dependent suppression of HMGB1 release and NO/iNOS induction by inhibiting Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 signal in RAW 264.7 cells exposed to LPS. Finally, administration of the GLE ameliorated the survival rate of LPS‐injected endotoxemic mice in a NO‐dependent manner. Thus, GLE may block the LPS‐stimulated release of HMGB1 by regulating cellular signal networks, thereby providing a therapeutic strategy for endotoxemia as a functional food. Practical applications High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is released into the extracellular milieu when immune cells are exposed to pathogen‐related molecules such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in which it acts as a critical mediator of lethality in sepsis and endotoxemia. The extract of ginseng leaf, which is a part that can be easily thrown away, ameliorated the survival rate of endotoxemic mice by inhibiting HMGB1 secretion in a NO‐dependent manner. Thus, this study suggests that ginseng leaf can be used as a functional food by resolving the immune responses in the pathology of endotoxemia.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginseng leaf extract ameliorates the survival of endotoxemic mice by inhibiting the release of high mobility group box 1

et al. 2021

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Formation and Characterization of Irreversible Sediment of Ginseng Extract

Mei

Chen

et al. 2021

Foods

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Sediment is a key issue in the beverage industry. This study confirmed that reversible and irreversible sediments were formed during low-temperature storage of ginseng extract. The first 30 days of storage are the critical period for sediment formation. As the time of storage extends, the chemical composition changes. The composition interaction model verified that the cross-linking of protein–pectin, protein–oxalic acid and Ca2+–pectin was the main cause of the turbidity of ginseng extract. Based on the characterization of irreversible sediment (IRS), there are typical structures of proteins, polysaccharides and calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) crystals. Glucose, galacturonic acid, aspartate, glutamic acid, leucine, Ca, K, Al, Mg, Na and Fe are the main monomer components. Effective regulation of these ingredients will greatly help the quality of ginseng beverages.

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Storage Stability of Meat Analogs Supplemented with Vegetable Oils

Cho,

Bae,

Lee

et al. 2023

Foods

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The addition of various oils to meat analog has been an important topic to improving its juiciness and tenderness. However, this causes a concern about oil leaching from the meat analog during long-term storage. Here, we aimed to assess the storage stability of vegetable-oil-supplemented meat analogs and analyze the effects of temperature and storage period on their physiochemical characteristics. The meat analogs were prepared by adding 30 g castor oil, orange oil, palm oil, shortening, or margarine vegetable oil based on 100 g of textured vegetable protein. They were then stored at −18 or −60 °C for 6 months and analyzed at one-month intervals. The meat analog supplemented with orange oil had the highest water content (64.85%; 66.07%), hardness (35.48 N; 34.05 N), and DPPH-radical-scavenging activity (30.01%; 30.87%) under −18 and −60 °C, respectively, as well as the highest liquid-holding capacity in different conditions. During frozen storage, temperature barely affected the meat quality. The storage stability of all meat analog samples was maintained for 6 months, although the quality was slightly reduced with an increase in storage duration. Coliform group bacteria were not detected regardless of the storage condition. In conclusion, all results supposed that orange oil can be a promising candidate for improving the juiciness and tenderness of meat analogs, and the quality of samples was maintained for at least 6 months under frozen storage. The findings of this study are relevant to the development and promotion of meat analog as an alternative to animal meat.

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Effect of Roasting Time and Cryogenic Milling on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Dried Ginseng Powder

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Ginseng leaf extract ameliorates the survival of endotoxemic mice by inhibiting the release of high mobility group box 1

Ginseng leaf extract ameliorates the survival of endotoxemic mice by inhibiting the release of high mobility group box 1

Formation and Characterization of Irreversible Sediment of Ginseng Extract

Storage Stability of Meat Analogs Supplemented with Vegetable Oils

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