Effect of Residual Oil on the Particle Deposition Profile in Deep-Bed 
Filtration During Produced Water Re-Injection

Ali, Mohammed K.; Currie, Peter D.; Salman, Mohammad Shukri

doi:10.2523/94483-ms

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The average residual oil saturation of cores for the experiments was 19 %, in agreement with the value found by Ali (2007) for the same system (see also Ali et al 2005Ali et al , 2007Ali et al , 2009). To achieve this, first all air was removed from the system using a vacuum pump.Then, oil was allowed to slowly enter the core from the bottom of the cell.…”

Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The parameters are shown in Table 1. This seems to be inherent in all X-ray data (Al-Abduwani 2005, Ali 2007, Ali et al 2005, 2007, De Zwart 2007. Fig.1 shows the concentration data obtained for Experiment Sor7, from 13 scans over a period of about 90 minutes.…”

Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Over time, oil will accumulate around the wellbore, and form an oil-bank in which there is residual oil saturation. Recently, Ali (2007) has shown that the presence of residual oil in a formation can have a considerable influence on the trapping mechanisms for particles present in re-injected produced water (see also Ali et al 2005Ali et al , 2007Ali et al , 2009. Over time, the initial oil saturation will be reduced to residual oil saturation around the well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Effect of Residual Oil on Particle Trapping During Produced Water Reinjection Using X-ray Tomography

Saraf¹,

Zwart

Currie

et al. 2009

All Days

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Recently it has been shown that the presence of residual oil in a formation can have a considerable influence on the trapping mechanisms for particles present in re-injected produced water (Ali 2007, Ali et al 2005, 2007). This article reports on a further set of extensive coreflow experiments which confirm and extend these results. The tests were conducted in a CTscanner, allowing direct observation of the build-up of particle deposition along the core.These experiments are relevant to operational issues associated with PWRI (Produced Water Re-Injection). In many cases, produced water is injected into formations containing oil, so reduced oil saturation is achieved rapidly in the area around the well. Even if the well is outside the oil zone, trapped oil droplets are always present in produced water, and a residual oil zone will gradually build-up around the well.Major differences are found between the deposition profiles for fully water saturated cores and the cores having residual oil saturation. In particular, particles penetrate deeper into the core with residual oil saturation and considerably more particles pass completely through the core without being trapped. The X-ray technique allows direct observation during the experiment of the deposition process inside the core, eliminating the complicating effect of any external filter cake. As a result, an analysis can be performed of the deposition parameters relevant inside the core, using Deep-bed Filtration Theory, and the results of this analysis are presented. In particular, it is shown that the values of the filtration function determined from the CT-scan (Xray) data are consistent with those obtained from analysis of the effluent concentration. Moreover, both methods of analysis find quite clearly that the filtration coefficient increases with decreasing flowrate.The results indicate that formation damage near a wellbore during water injection will be reduced by the presence of residual oil, and that particles will penetrate deeper into the formation. The result is also relevant to injection under fracturing conditions, since particle deposition in the wall of the fracture (where residual oil may be present) is one of the mechanisms governing fracture growth.

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Section: Experimental Methodssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Effect of Residual Oil on Particle Trapping During Produced Water Reinjection Using X-ray Tomography

Saraf¹,

Zwart

Currie

et al. 2009

All Days

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“…Effluent particle concentrations and pressure profiles are also measured in real time. Flow experiments in linear geometry have been reported elsewhere (Al-Abduwani 2003, Ali 2007, Ali et al 2005a,b, 2007a,b, Turekhanov et al 2007. Here we report on the converging flow experiments which, as discussed above, are particularly relevant to production wells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Clogging Processes near Production Wells using X-ray Tomography

et al. 2008

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Formation damage in production wells has been less studied than in injection wells. In injection wells, decline in well injectivity can occur, due to fine particles suspended in the water. These particles are deposited in the reservoir, blocking the pores, causing reduction in the permeability of reservoir rock near the well. Thus, the decline is due to injected water quality and reservoir properties.In production wells, particles can be transported through the reservoir and cause formation damage. The damage is caused by deposition near the wellbore as a result of the converging flow geometry. As is briefly discussed, it is a common problem in the water industry, where water production wells suffer from productivity decline due clogging of the aquifer near the wellbore. The accumulation of particles causes plugging of pores and decreases the permeability creating a damaged zone near the well. This results in extra, expensive cleaning operations and early shut-in of producers. This paper reports on an investigation on particle deposition in converging flow geometry, modeling oil and water production wells. Parameters are varied to study the effect on particle deposition of flow rate, particle concentration and particle/grain aspect ratio. The experiments use a converging-flow unconsolidated sand-pack. A hematite particle suspension is injected into the sand pack to observe clogging effects. With the aid of a CT-scanner (X-ray tomography), deposition profiles in time are obtained. Effluent particle concentrations and pressure profiles are also measured in real time. The results of the experiments are interpreted using deep bed filtration theory in converging flow geometry. The experiments show a clear effect of converging flow geometry on particle deposition.

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Injectivity Impairment Due to Residual Oil Mobilisation (Treatment of Laboratory Data)

Bedrikovetsky¹,

Vaz²,

Furtado

et al. 2006

SPE Asia Pacific Oil &Amp; Gas Conference and Exhibition

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TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractRe-injection of produced water (PWRI) causes retention of solid and oily particles by porous rock causing decrease of permeability, cake formation and consequent injectivity decline. Maintenance of the injection rate results in increase of pressure gradient near to well.Previous works consider effects of mobilization of residual oil in well vicinity due to increase of pressure gradient and, consequently, the increase of capillary number. The mobilized oil ganglia perform snap-off and release oil drops that move together with the injected particles; they are captured by porous rock causing additional formation damage.A simplified analytical model that covers effects of oil drops generation and additional permeability reduction was also developed previously.In the current work we tune the analytical model using laboratory data and discuss the occurring discrepancy.

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Effect of Residual Oil on the Particle Deposition Profile in Deep-Bed Filtration During Produced Water Re-Injection

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of the Effect of Residual Oil on Particle Trapping During Produced Water Reinjection Using X-ray Tomography

Analysis of the Effect of Residual Oil on Particle Trapping During Produced Water Reinjection Using X-ray Tomography

Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Clogging Processes near Production Wells using X-ray Tomography

Injectivity Impairment Due to Residual Oil Mobilisation (Treatment of Laboratory Data)

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