Effect of Reproductive Status on Feline Renal Size

Shiroma, Jonathan T.; Gabriel, Janice K.; Carter, Randolph L.; Scruggs, S L; Stubbs, Preston W.

doi:10.1111/j.1740-8261.1999.tb00355.x

Cited by 42 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, no such difference was found in other dog breeds. Previous studies also reported inconsistent results: one study reported that kidney size was slightly larger in male dogs, another feline study reported that intact cats had larger kidneys, and another canine studies reported that there were no differences between sexes [4, 19, 20, 22, 28]. The results of this study and previous studies may indicate that sex has a minor effect on kidney size.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Reestablishment of radiographic kidney size in Miniature Schnauzer dogs

Sohn

Yun

Lee

et al. 2016

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Kidney size may be altered in renal diseases, and the detection of kidney size alteration has diagnostic and prognostic values. We hypothesized that radiographic kidney size, the kidney length to the second lumbar vertebra (L2) length ratio, in normal Miniature Schnauzer dogs may be overestimated due to their shorter vertebral length. This study was conducted to evaluate radiographic and ultrasonographic kidney size and L2 length in clinically normal Miniature Schnauzers and other dog breeds to evaluate the effect of vertebral length on radiographic kidney size and to reestablish radiographic kidney size in normal Miniature Schnauzers. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasonograms from 49 Miniature Schnauzers and 54 other breeds without clinical evidence of renal disease and lumbar vertebral abnormality were retrospectively evaluated. Radiographic kidney size, in the Miniature Schnauzer (3.31 ± 0.26) was significantly larger than that in other breeds (2.94 ± 0.27). Relative L2 length, the L2 length to width ratio, in the Miniature Schnauzer (1.11 ± 0.06) was significantly shorter than that in other breeds (1.21 ± 0.09). However, ultrasonographic kidney sizes, kidney length to aorta diameter ratios, were within or very close to normal range both in the Miniature Schnauzer (6.75 ± 0.67) and other breeds (7.16 ± 1.01). Thus, Miniature Schnauzer dogs have breed-specific short vertebrae and consequently a larger radiographic kidney size, which was greater than standard reference in normal adult dogs. Care should be taken when evaluating radiographic kidney size in Miniature Schnauzers to prevent falsely diagnosed renomegaly.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Reestablishment of radiographic kidney size in Miniature Schnauzer dogs

Sohn

Yun

Lee

et al. 2016

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The kidney lengths were compared to the length of a single lumbar vertebra (L2) measured from endplate to endplate by a single investigator (CLM) 22–24. A ratio was calculated for each kidney; a range of 2–3 times the length of L2 was considered normal 3,22,23,25–27. Cats with CKD were staged according to the IRIS guidelines5; without urine protein to creatinine ratios and blood pressure measurements, IRIS substaging was not possible in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and classification of chronic kidney disease in cats randomly selected from four age groups and in cats recruited for degenerative joint disease studies

Marino

Lascelles

Vaden

et al. 2013

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

168

151

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and degenerative joint disease are both considered common in older cats. Information on the co-prevalence of these two diseases is lacking. This retrospective study was designed to determine the prevalence of CKD in two cohorts of cats: cats randomly selected from four evenly distributed age groups (RS group) and cats recruited for degenerative joint disease studies (DJD group), and to evaluate the concurrence of CKD and DJD in these cohorts. The RS group was randomly selected from four age groups from 6 months to 20 years, and the DJD group comprised cats recruited to four previous DJD studies, with the DJD group excluding cats with a blood urea nitrogen and/or serum creatinine concentration >20% (the upper end of normal) for two studies and cats with CKD stages 3 and 4 for the other two studies. The prevalence of CKD in the RS and DJD groups was higher than expected at 50% and 68.8%, respectively. CKD was common in cats between 1 and 15 years of age, with a similar prevalence of CKD stages 1 and 2 across age groups in both the RS and DJD cats, respectively. We found significant concurrence between CKD and DJD in cats of all ages, indicating the need for increased screening for CKD when selecting DJD treatments. Additionally, this study offers the idea of a relationship and causal commonality between CKD and DJD owing to the striking concurrence across age groups and life stages.

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“…To assess the potential influence of elevated steroid hormones on kidney size (Broulik , Shiroma and others , Lane ) in animals with ferret adrenal gland disease, the radiographic dimensions were compared between the subgroups of ferrets with and without the disease using a student's t ‐test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The size of the kidneys can be impacted by other factors aside from pathology, such as age, sex and reproductive status (Korenchevsky and Dennison , Freudenberger and Howard , Kochakian , Broulik , Shukla and others , ‐Shiroma and others , Lane ). For example, kidneys have been shown to be larger in males than females in humans, rats, mice, hamsters and dogs (Lane ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%