Effect of Repeated Sauna Treatment on Exercise Tolerance and Endothelial Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Ohori, Takashi; Nozawa, Takashi; Ihori, Hiroyuki; Shida, Takuya; Sobajima, Mitsuo; Matsuki, Akira; Yasumura, Satoshi; Inoue, Hiroshi

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.08.014

Cited by 98 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Firstly, 3-week WT improved exercise tolerance, and cardiac and endothelial function in patients with CHF, a finding consistent with previous studies. 3,4) Secondly, WT improved both the PC and MC scores of patients' self-assessment of healthrelated QOL. Moreover, CHF patients with severely impaired MC and PC at baseline gained greater improvement of both components by WT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3) Briefly, once a day for three weeks, patients underwent a far-infrared-ray dry sauna therapy at 60°C for 15 minutes and were then kept supine on a bed outside the bath room for 30 minutes with sufficient warmth provided by blankets resulting in an increase in the core temperature by 1.0°C to 1.2°C. Patients were weighed before and after the sauna therapy, and oral hydration with water was given to compensate for the lost weight.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] The precise mechanisms of the salutary effects of WT in CHF treatment are not yet fully understood, although WT-induced vasodilation and improvement of endothelial function through up-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) could contribute to the beneficial effects. 4,5) Depressive symptoms are common in patients with CHF and many CHF patients have impairment of all aspects of their quality of life (QOL) as assessed by SF-36 scores.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Waon Therapy Improves Quality of Life as Well as Cardiac Function and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

et al. 2015

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SummaryWaon therapy (WT), which in Japanese means soothing warmth, is a repeated sauna therapy that improves cardiac and vascular endothelial function in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We investigated whether WT could improve the quality of life (QOL) of CHF patients in addition to improving cardiac function and exercise capacity.A total of 49 CHF patients (69 ± 14 years old) were treated with a 60°C far infrared-ray dry sauna bath for 15 minutes and then kept in a bed covered with blankets for 30 minutes once a day for 3 weeks. At baseline and 3 weeks after starting WT, cardiac function, 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, and SF36-QOL scores were determined.WT significantly improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), 6MWD, and FMD (3.6 ± 2.3 to 5.1 ± 2.8%, P < 0.01). Moreover, WT significantly improved not only the physical (PC) but also mental component (MC) of the QOL scores. WT-induced improvement of PC was negatively correlated with changes in BNP (r = -0.327, P < 0.05), but MC improvement was not related directly to changes in BNP, LVEF, or 6MWD. WT-induced changes in MC were not parallel to PC improvement.WT improved QOL as well as cardiac function and exercise capacity in patients with CHF. Mental QOL improved independently of WT-induced improvement of cardiac function and exercise capacity. (Int Heart J 2015; 56: 203-208)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Waon Therapy Improves Quality of Life as Well as Cardiac Function and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

et al. 2015

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“…In patients with slightly elevated blood pressure, a single sauna session produces positive effects on systemic blood pressure, including 24-hour blood pressure levels. 12 Heat therapy such as hot water immersion is associated with several health benefits including lower levels of resting blood pressure potentially reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases CVD. 13 However, in this study, sauna bathing A typical Finnish sauna session is indeed characterized by warming up in the sauna with subsequent cooling and relaxation; this can positively modulate the autonomic system and may further explain the effects on blood pressure reduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sauna Bathing and Incident Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study

Zaccardi

Laukkanen

Willeit

et al. 2017

American Journal of Hypertension

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“…Heat therapy is a promising strategy that has recently been successfully used to treat patients with CHF (31,49), severe COPD (76), and PAD (66,74). Mounting evidence indicates that repeated exposure to whole body heat stress reduces the clinical symptoms and improves exercise tolerance in patients with these conditions (31,49,66,76).…”

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confidence: 99%

Heat therapy promotes the expression of angiogenic regulators in human skeletal muscle

Kuhlenhoelter

Kim

Neff

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Heat therapy has been shown to promote capillary growth in skeletal muscle and in the heart in several animal models, but the effects of this therapy on angiogenic signaling in humans are unknown. We evaluated the acute effect of lower body heating (LBH) and unilateral thigh heating (TH) on the expression of angiogenic regulators and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in healthy young individuals. Exposure to LBH ( n = 18) increased core temperature (Tc) from 36.9 ± 0.1 to 37.4 ± 0.1°C ( P < 0.01) and average leg skin temperature (Tleg) from 33.1 ± 0.1 to 39.6 ± 0.1°C ( P < 0.01), but did not alter the levels of circulating angiogenic cytokines and bone marrow-derived proangiogenic cells (CD34+CD133+). In skeletal muscle, the change in mRNA expression from baseline of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin 2 (ANGPT2), chemokines CCL2 and CX3CL1, platelet factor-4 (PF4), and several members of the HSP family was higher 30 min after the intervention in the individuals exposed to LBH ( n = 11) compared with the control group ( n = 12). LBH also reduced the expression of transcription factor FOXO1 ( P = 0.03). Exposure to TH ( n = 14) increased Tleg from 32.8 ± 0.2 to 40.3 ± 0.1°C ( P < 0.05) but Tc remained unaltered (36.8 ± 0.1°C at baseline and 36.9 ± 0.1°C at 90 min). This intervention upregulated the expression of VEGF, ANGPT1, ANGPT2, CCL2, and HSPs in skeletal muscle but did not affect the levels of CX3CL1, FOXO-1, and PF4. These findings suggest that both LBH and TH increase the expression of factors associated with capillary growth in human skeletal muscle.

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Effect of Repeated Sauna Treatment on Exercise Tolerance and Endothelial Function in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Cited by 98 publications

References 24 publications

Waon Therapy Improves Quality of Life as Well as Cardiac Function and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Waon Therapy Improves Quality of Life as Well as Cardiac Function and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

Sauna Bathing and Incident Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study

Heat therapy promotes the expression of angiogenic regulators in human skeletal muscle

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