Effect of repeated endurance exercise on intraocular pressure in healthy subjects: a prospective pilot study based on a 500-km swim relay

Nowak, Michał S.; Gajda, Robert; Drygas, Wojciech; Rębowska, Ewa; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elżbieta; Kwaśniewska, Magdalena

doi:10.5114/ko.2020.96557

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…The ability to measure HR in water was another important step, enabling swimmers and triathletes to monitor their training, although without the possibility of recognizing the source of the "beat" in HRMs (sinus rhythm, supraventricular or ventricular beats, etc.) [12,13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate monitors used by athletes — from gadget to medical equipment. A decade of own observations

Gajda¹,

Gajda²,

Czuba

et al. 2021

Medical Research Journal

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Introduction: For many years, many athletes have reported to the Centre for Sports Cardiology in Pułtusk that during endurance training, mainly running and cycling, they found unexpected increases in heart rate (HR) values observed on sports heart rate monitors (HRMs), in the vast majority of cases without the accompanying clinical symptoms. The authors have attempted to answer the question of whether the "arrhythmia" observed on HRMs is a rhythm disturbance or a mere technical artefact. The aim of the study: This article aimed to summarize the authors' observations in the field of the usefulness of HRMs for the assessment of cardiac arrhythmias in the situation of introducing new technological solutions in the modernized and enriched ones with new functions HRMs. Material and methods: Over ten years, numerous studies have been carried out and the world literature has been also analysed many times, finally describing the authors' study results and observations in numerous types of English-language articles published between 2017 and 2021. In this review article, the authors focused only on their publications from the Centre for Sports Cardiology in Pułtusk on the issues of heart rhythm disturbances observed on HRMs by endurance athletes, and on publications in which researchers from CKS participated and the articles themselves were related with the use of HRMs. Only a few references have been cited from other sources. Conclusions: The HRMs used in the past years were not significant for the treatment of asymptomatic exercise-stimulated arrhythmias. These HRMs, however, in a symptomatic arrhythmia situation, became an effective diagnostic tool confirming its occurrence. The analysis of cases and literature shows that modern sports heart rate monitors used by athletes of endurance disciplines (especially with the possibility of ECG recording) are becoming a useful, important and more and more effective diagnostic tool in the detection and final diagnosis of cardiac arrhythmias stimulated by exercise, both symptomatic and asymptomatic athletes and can significantly contribute to the increase of safety during training. It can be assumed that future HRMs will have comparable diagnostic value in detecting cardiac arrhythmias as the Holter ECG, surpassing them with the possibility of constant data transmission, ease of use and affordable price.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate monitors used by athletes — from gadget to medical equipment. A decade of own observations

Gajda¹,

Gajda²,

Czuba

et al. 2021

Medical Research Journal

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It would seem to be quite natural that sports HRMs should be "tailor-made" for each specific sport Although they cannot be used as indicators of quality and reliability, as they often lack a scientific basis in the form of relevant comparative studies, such commercial proposals strongly indicate that the "best" sports HRM would be one "tailor-made" for each athlete depending on a number of factors, including most importantly, the particular sports discipline(s) they practice. For example, in the case of HRMs assessing HR in swimmers, determining the accuracy of the device introduces additional challenges (e.g., the problem of setting up a Holter ECG to verify the accuracy of the indications) [47].…”

Section: Hrms Recommended For Athletes Practicing Specific Sportsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports Heart Monitors as Reliable Diagnostic Tools for Training Control and Detecting Arrhythmias in Professional and Leisure-Time Endurance Athletes: An Expert Consensus Statement

Gajda,

Czuba

et al. 2023

Sports Med

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There are countless types of portable heart rate monitoring medical devices used variously by leisure-time exercisers, professional athletes, and chronically ill patients. Almost all the currently used heart rate monitors are capable of detecting arrhythmias, but this feature is not widely known or used among their millions of consumers. The aims of this paper were as follows: (1) to analyze the currently available sports heart rate monitors and assess their advantages and disadvantage in terms of heart rate and rhythm monitoring in endurance athletes; (2) to discuss what types of currently available commercial heart rate monitors are most convenient/adjustable to the needs of different consumers (including occasionally physically active adults and cardiac patients), bearing in mind the potential health risks, especially heart rhythm disturbances connected with endurance training; (3) to suggest a set of “optimal” design features for next-generation smart wearable devices based on the consensus opinion of an expert panel of athletes, coaches, and sports medicine doctors. Ninety-two experts aged 20 years and over, involved in endurance sports on a daily basis, were invited to participate in consensus-building discussions, including 56 long-distance runners, 18 cyclists, nine coaches, and nine physicians (sports medicine specialists, cardiologists, and family medicine doctors). The overall consensus endorsed by these experts indicates that the “optimal” sports heart rate monitor should be a one-piece device of the smartwatch type (with two or more electrodes), with integrated smartphone features, and able to collect and continually transmit data without exhibiting artifacts. It should continuously record at least a single-lead electrocardiography, send an alert after an unexpected fall, be of reasonable weight, come at an affordable price, and be user friendly.

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Therapeutic and preventive eff ect of physical exercises in primary open-angle glaucoma

Козина

Kokh

Toropov

et al. 2021

Acta biomedica scientifica

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The review assesses physical exercises as an additional non-pharmacological mean of combating the progression of primary open-angle glaucoma. The ophthalmic hypotensive effect is determined by the type of exercise, its duration and intensity. Moderate aerobic activity is preferred. Among dynamic exercises, jogging has the greatest hypotensive effect. Upper body isometric resistance training provides a more lasting decrease in ophthalmotonus. The decrease in intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with glaucoma is several times more pronounced in comparison with healthy people and occurs regardless of the nature of the local drug antihypertensive therapy. After the termination of classes IOP returns to the previous level on average within a month. An increase in ocular perfusion pressure associated with physical activity dictates the appropriateness of physical exercise for patients with pseudo-normal pressure glaucoma. The combination of hypotensive, vascular, neuroprotective effects of physical activity with a high level of physical fi tness does not exclude a decrease in the risk of development and progression of primary open-angle glaucoma. The development of indications for the use of physical activity by patients with advanced glaucoma, including those who have undergone hypotensive surgery, remains relevant. The type, intensity, dosage and mode of performing the recommended physical exercises require an individual choice.

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Effect of repeated endurance exercise on intraocular pressure in healthy subjects: a prospective pilot study based on a 500-km swim relay

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Heart rate monitors used by athletes — from gadget to medical equipment. A decade of own observations

Heart rate monitors used by athletes — from gadget to medical equipment. A decade of own observations

Sports Heart Monitors as Reliable Diagnostic Tools for Training Control and Detecting Arrhythmias in Professional and Leisure-Time Endurance Athletes: An Expert Consensus Statement

Therapeutic and preventive eff ect of physical exercises in primary open-angle glaucoma

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