Effect of reoxygenation and Marenzelleria spp. bioturbation on Baltic Sea sediment metabolism

Bonaglia, Stefano; Bartoli, Marco; Gunnarsson, Jonas S.; Rahm, Lars; Raymond, Caroline; Svensson, Ola; Yekta, Sepehr Shakeri; Brüchert, Volker

doi:10.3354/meps10232

Cited by 62 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…This illustrates that temporal variability can be a methodological source of discrepancy of experimental results derived from studies of different duration, especially those involving only a single flux measurement (e.g. Karlson et al 2005, Bonaglia et al 2013, UrbanMalinga et al 2013). Another drawback in such endpoint experimental designs is that the homogeneity of response variables (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient fluxes from reduced Baltic Sea sediment: effects of oxygenation and macrobenthos

Ekeroth¹,

Blomqvist²,

Hall³

2016

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Effects of bottom water oxygenation and macrofaunal colonisation on benthic fluxes of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and silicon (Si) from long-term anoxic Baltic Sea bottom sediment were investigated. Sediment boxcosms from an anoxic site at 150 m depth in the open Baltic proper were incubated in the laboratory to follow the development of benthic nutrient fluxes during 74 d exposure to flow-through of oxygen-rich water. In contrast to traditional end-point experimental designs, our repeated measurement approach allowed for separation of transient and long-term effects of oxygenation and bioturbation on benthic nutrient recycling. The composition, but not the rate, of the benthic total dissolved N efflux changed by oxygenation from being dominated by NH 4 in situ to being mostly composed of NO 2 + NO 3 and dissolved organic N (DON) under oxic conditions. Oxygenation in the boxcosms decreased the benthic efflux of dissolved silicate (DSi) and essentially shut off the in situ flux of dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP). After 20 d of oxygenation, 2 bottom macrofauna taxa, the polychaete Marenzelleria spp. and the amphipod Monoporiea affinis, were introduced to a subset of the boxcosms. Bioturbation by either taxa increased the efflux of dissolved inorganic N (DIN), DON and DSi to the overlying water. The Prich benthic flux under in situ anoxic conditions roughly approached Redfield N:P stoichiometry after oxygenation in the sediment boxcosms. Upon addition of macrofauna, bioturbation generated even higher N:P flux ratios.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient fluxes from reduced Baltic Sea sediment: effects of oxygenation and macrobenthos

Ekeroth¹,

Blomqvist²,

Hall³

2016

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Karlson et al (2005) showed that the bioturbation activity of M. affinis stimulated N 2 removal compared to non-bioturbated sediment, whereas recent experiments with conditioned sediment with and without Marenzelleria spp. demonstrated that denitrification rates were even lower in the presence of the polychaete (Bonaglia et al 2013).…”

Section: N Transformation Pathways In Himmerfjärdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Net fluxes of solutes were calculated according to Bonaglia et al (2013). Positive values represent effluxes while negative values represent sediment uptake.…”

Section: Laboratory Analysis and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simultaneously, a minimum of 16 cores from each sampling site were incubated to determine the rates of denitrification, anammox and DNRA, according to the revised-isotope pairing technique (r-IPT) (RisgaardPetersen et al 2003;Bonaglia et al 2013). In brief, Na 15 NO 3 (99 % atom, 10 mmol L -1 stock solution) was added to each core in order to reach a final concentration of 25, 50, 100 and 150 lmol L -1 15 NO 3 -(n = 4-5 for each concentration).…”

Section: Sediment Characteristics and Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus benthic cycling along an impacted Baltic Sea estuary: regulation and spatial patterns

et al. 2014

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The regulatory roles of temperature, eutrophication and oxygen availability on benthic nitrogen (N) cycling and the stoichiometry of regenerated nitrogen and phosphorus (P) were explored along a Baltic Sea estuary affected by treated sewage discharge. Rates of sediment denitrification, anammox, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), nutrient exchange, oxygen (O 2 ) uptake and penetration were measured seasonally. Sediments not affected by the nutrient plume released by the sewage treatment plant (STP) showed a strong seasonality in rates of O 2 uptake and coupled nitrification-denitrification, with anammox never accounting for more than 20 % of the total dinitrogen (N 2 ) production. N cycling in sediments close to the STP was highly dependent on oxygen availability, which masked temperaturerelated effects. These sediments switched from low N loss and high ammonium (NH 4 ? ) efflux under hypoxic conditions in the fall, to a major N loss system in the winter when the sediment surface was oxidized. In the fall DNRA outcompeted denitrification as the main nitrate (NO 3 -) reduction pathway, resulting in N recycling and potential spreading of eutrophication. A comparison with historical records of nutrient discharge and denitrification indicated that the total N loss in the estuary has been tightly coupled to the total amount of nutrient discharge from the STP. Changes in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) released from the STP agreed well with variations in sedimentary N 2 removal. This indicates that denitrification and anammox efficiently counterbalance N loading in the estuary across the range of historical and present-day anthropogenic nutrient discharge. Overall low N/P ratios of the regenerated nutrient fluxes impose strong N limitation for the pelagic system and generate a high potential for nuisance cyanobacterial blooms.

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“…In addition, it was recently shown that the rate of sedimentary deposition and degradation of organic matter controls the benthic P flux under long term anoxic conditions in Baltic Sea basins and in westSwedish fjords (Viktorsson et al, 2012(Viktorsson et al, , 2013a. Furthermore, the benthic solute flux under anoxic conditions in these basins was found to be very P rich in relation to both C and N. Hence, oxygen does not only control the magnitude of the dissolved bioavailable N, P (e.g., Bonaglia et al, 2013) and sometimes even Si flux (Ekeroth et al, 2016a), but may also have a strong influence on the N:P, C:P, and Si:P ratios in benthic fluxes, and thus indirectly on abundance and composition of phytoplankton and cyanobacteria communities in surface waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Natural Oxygenation of Baltic Proper Deep Water on Benthic Recycling and Removal of Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Silicon and Carbon

et al. 2017

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At the end of 2014, a Major Baltic Inflow (MBI) brought oxygenated, salty water into the Baltic proper and reached the long-term anoxic Eastern Gotland Basin (EGB) by March 2015. In July 2015, we measured benthic fluxes of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and silicon (Si) nutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in situ using an autonomous benthic lander at deep sites (170-210 m) in the EGB, where the bottom water oxygen concentration was 30-45 µM. The same in situ methodology was used to measure benthic fluxes at the same sites in 2008-2010, but then under anoxic conditions. The high efflux of phosphate under anoxic conditions became lower upon oxygenation, and turned into an influx in about 50% of the flux measurements. The C:P and N:P ratios of the benthic solute flux changed from clearly below the Redfield ratio (on average about 70 and 3-4, respectively) under anoxia to approaching or being well above the Redfield ratio upon oxygenation. These observations demonstrate retention of P in newly oxygenated sediments. We found no significant effect of oxygenation on the benthic ammonium, silicate and DIC flux. We also measured benthic denitrification, anammox, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) rates at the same sites using isotope-pairing techniques. The bottom water of the long-term anoxic EGB contained less than 0.5 µM nitrate in 2008-2010, but the oxygenation event created bottom water nitrate concentrations of about 10 µM in July 2015 and the benthic flux of nitrate was consistently directed into the sediment. Nitrate reduction to both dinitrogen gas (denitrification) and ammonium (DNRA) was initiated in the newly oxygenated sediments, while anammox activity was negligible. We estimated the influence of this oxygenation event on the magnitudes of the integrated benthic P flux (the internal P load) and the fixed N removal through benthic and pelagic denitrification by comparing with a hypothetical Hall et al.Oxygenation Effect on Benthic Fluxes scenario without the MBI. Our calculations suggest that the oxygenation triggered by the MBI in July 2015, extrapolated to the basin-wide scale of the Baltic proper, decreased the internal P load by 23% and increased the total (benthic plus pelagic) denitrification by 18%.

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Effect of reoxygenation and Marenzelleria spp. bioturbation on Baltic Sea sediment metabolism

Cited by 62 publications

References 51 publications

Nutrient fluxes from reduced Baltic Sea sediment: effects of oxygenation and macrobenthos

Nutrient fluxes from reduced Baltic Sea sediment: effects of oxygenation and macrobenthos

Seasonal oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus benthic cycling along an impacted Baltic Sea estuary: regulation and spatial patterns

Influence of Natural Oxygenation of Baltic Proper Deep Water on Benthic Recycling and Removal of Phosphorus, Nitrogen, Silicon and Carbon

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