Effect of rare earth elements on the consolidation behavior and microstructure of tungsten alloys

Effects of lanthanum on the microstructure, electrochemical behavior, and anti‐corrosion properties of zinc–copper–titanium alloy in 3% sodium chloride solution

“…Rare earth elements are widely used in iron, steel, and non‐ferrous metals to purify the alloy melt. They also improve the alloy structure and its mechanical properties at room temperature and high temperature . It has been reported that the addition of rare earth elements (R) to Zn‐Al alloy influences its corrosion performance because of the formation of a film composed of R 2 O 3 and R(OH) 3 .…”

Development of tungsten-based materials by different sintering techniques

“…In contrast, the mechanical alloyed sample with finer powder size of the same composition (W-5%V) sintered under similar SPS conditions reflects higher densification and lower porosity [19]. The reason for this is that the smaller powder size is better for its rearrangement and plastic deformation, and thus higher shrinkage rate can be achieved which results in a good dense sample [20]. Besides, for SPS the dwell time at the peak sintering temperature also plays an important role in the densification of the sintered samples, which is achieved mainly by more uniform interfacial atomic diffusion but with less involvement of surface diffusion [21].…”

“…Besides, for SPS the dwell time at the peak sintering temperature also plays an important role in the densification of the sintered samples, which is achieved mainly by more uniform interfacial atomic diffusion but with less involvement of surface diffusion [21]. That is to say, the worm-like pores can be formed if the dwell time at the peak sintering temperature is not enough [20]. Thus, we can see many worm-like pores on the surface of individual W grains and grain boundaries for S SPS because of its short dwell time of 3 min at the peak sintering temperature.…”

The role of vanadium additive in the activated sintering and shrinkage rate of tungsten–vanadium alloys

“…Similarly, the addition of materials like Y and Y 2 O 3 act as an activator for W and improve the shrinkage capability during its sintering. 13 Our previous studies have found that V addition also acts as sintering activator and tries to improve the densification of W-V alloys. 14 The detailed study of the impact of V concentration on sintering temperature and shrinkage rate of SPS developed W-V alloys is presented in this article.…”