Effect of rainfall on pedogenesis in a climosequence of soils near Lake Pukaki, New Zealand

Webb, T.H.; Campbell, A. S.; Fox, Frances B.

doi:10.1080/00288306.1986.10422155

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The reference profile, the zero fertiliser treatment, and a similar study by Webb et al (1986) show extractable Al increasing only slowly with depth. Therefore, the marked increase of Al in the upper layers of the present study must relate to the fertiliser conditions imposed.…”

Section: Nutrient Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sustainability of New Zealand high‐country pastures under contrasting development inputs. 2. Soil inorganic components

Scott

2000

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Analyses of the <2 mm soil fractions for S, P, pH, Al, and exchangeable cations were made to 40 cm depth 10 years after commencement of two grazed multiple pasture species mixture trials on a Tekapo/Pukaki high country soil. One trial was 30 combinations of 5 superphosphate rates (0-500 kg ha -1 yr -1 ) × 3 stocking rates × 2 stocking methods, and the other used 27 combinations of P and S fertiliser (0-100 kg ha -1 yr -1 ). Olsen and inorganic P of topsoil increased with increasing P fertiliser rate, and was independent of S fertiliser rate. High levels of P (800-1200 ppm) in subsoil following sample ignition were interpreted as being release from humic complexes rather than organic P. There was an increase in extractable Al. Elemental S was the main S fertiliser used. Sulphate concentrations increased in all soil layers with increasing S fertiliser, and increased slightly with P fertiliser rates. There were high rates of residual elemental S (0-800 ppm). There were large increases in extractable Al and a decrease in soil pH below 5 cm with increasing S fertiliser rates. The pH decrease was attributed to oxidation of elemental S and legume N fixation. Grazing management treatments had small effects on soil inorganic components. The pasture development options were sustainable considering soil nutrient concentrations, except perhaps for increasing extractable Al and decreasing subsoil Ca and pH.

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Section: Nutrient Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Sustainability of New Zealand high‐country pastures under contrasting development inputs. 2. Soil inorganic components

Scott

2000

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…To isolate the role of climate, we selected grassland sites that minimize variation in soil age, erosion rates, and lithology. Vegetation across all sample sites is dominated by tussock grasses ( Festuca novae‐zelandiae and Agrostis capillaris ) and small herbaceous plants [ Webb et al ., ]. In addition, we recognize that the present grassland vegetation represents a response to human modification of prehuman forest ecosystems.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate‐driven thresholds for chemical weathering in postglacial soils of New Zealand

2016

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Chemical weathering in soils dissolves and alters minerals, mobilizes metals, liberates nutrients to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and may modulate Earth's climate over geologic time scales. Climate‐weathering relationships are often considered fundamental controls on the evolution of Earth's surface and biogeochemical cycles. However, surprisingly little consensus has emerged on if and how climate controls chemical weathering, and models and data from published literature often give contrasting correlations and predictions for how weathering rates and climate variables such as temperature or moisture are related. Here we combine insights gained from the different approaches, methods, and theory of the soil science, biogeochemistry, and geomorphology communities to tackle the fundamental question of how rainfall influences soil chemical properties. We explore climate‐driven variations in weathering and soil development in young, postglacial soils of New Zealand, measuring soil elemental geochemistry along a large precipitation gradient (400–4700 mm/yr) across the Waitaki basin on Te Waipounamu, the South Island. Our data show a strong climate imprint on chemical weathering in these young soils. This climate control is evidenced by rapid nonlinear changes along the gradient in total and exchangeable cations in soils and in the increased movement and redistribution of metals with rainfall. The nonlinear behavior provides insight into why climate‐weathering relationships may be elusive in some landscapes. These weathering thresholds also have significant implications for how climate may influence landscape evolution and the release of rock‐derived nutrients to ecosystems, as landscapes that transition to wetter climates across this threshold may weather and deplete rapidly.

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“…A Tekapo soil was a low rainfall representative in a four-soil climo-sequence studied in an adjacent valley showing the progressive increase in leaching of bases, subsoil exchangeable aluminium and clays, and decreasing soil acidity as rainfall increased (Webb et al 1986). However, although high subsoil Al and C are commonly associated with allophane, the low P retention and low oxolateextractable Si of the Tekapo soils indicated a lack of appreciable allophane but the presence of other Al-humus or reactive humus complexes (A. Hewitt pers comm.).…”

Section: Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainability of New Zealand high‐country pastures under contrasting development inputs. 1. Site, and shoot nutrients

Scott

1999

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Two adjacent studies of sheep-grazed mixed-species pasture, on a Pukaki/Tekapo high country soil, have been on-going since 1982. One compared 30 combinations of 5 increasing growth regimes (0-500 kg ha -1 yr -1 superphosphate +irrigation) × 3 stocking rates × 2 stocking methods; the other compared 27 combinations of P and S fertiliser (0-100 kg ha -1 yr -1 ). Summer shoot concentrations of P, S, N, and other macro-and micro-nutrients in Lupinus polyphyllus, Trifolium ambiguum, T. hybridum, T. repens, T. pratense, Hieracium pilosella, Festuca rubra, and Dactylis glomerata are reported for the PxS study. Dactylis glomerata was notable for its large change in shoot P and S concentration with changes in P and S soil levels, whereas Lupinus polyphyllus and Festuca rubra showed low variation in S shoot concentration, and Hieracium pilosella low variation in shoot P concentration, under varying fertilisers rates and combinations. Species tended to have their highest shoot S concentration where they made their major contribution in mixed swards. Herbage Se, I, and Na levels were low to deficient for sheep nutrition.

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Effect of rainfall on pedogenesis in a climosequence of soils near Lake Pukaki, New Zealand

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Sustainability of New Zealand high‐country pastures under contrasting development inputs. 2. Soil inorganic components

Sustainability of New Zealand high‐country pastures under contrasting development inputs. 2. Soil inorganic components

Climate‐driven thresholds for chemical weathering in postglacial soils of New Zealand

Sustainability of New Zealand high‐country pastures under contrasting development inputs. 1. Site, and shoot nutrients

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