Effect of pulverized coal residues on the blast furnace streaming conditions

Perret, Fabian; Babich, Alexander; Senk, Dieter

doi:10.1080/03019233.2022.2071092

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…In other cases, the measured temperature became, on the contrary, lower by 80–100 °C without coal injection. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Pc Behavior In the Raceway And Its Effect On The Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With increasing injection rate and gas velocity, the pressure drop increases. [22] Min. °C Circles and points are different shapes of ROIs Figure 9.…”

Section: Char Effect On Gas Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other cases, the measured temperature became, on the contrary, lower by 80-100 °C without coal injection. [19] The observed wide range of the temperature change, in some cases even in opposite direction, might be caused, in general, by following reasons: 1) measuring procedure like usage of a camera objective, filter, camera focus, etc., 2) evaluation procedure and choice of ROI and their number, 3) effect of the BF operation parameters such as blast volume, blast temperature, etc., and 4) effect of unburnt coal.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effect of Carbonaceous Residues on the Blast Furnace Operation Efficiency by PC Injection

Babich

Perret

Senk

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Counter current flow reactors are the most efficient metallurgical vessels. This is why the blast furnace (BF) remains since more than 700 years No. 1 aggregate for primary metal production. It is anticipated that also in the future, shaft furnaces operating on this principle will dominate the direct reduction (DR) production. Consequently, the gas permeability is a crucial issue for shaft furnaces. In the BF, required gas permeability, as well as a drainage ability in the dripping zone, is ensured, primarily, by a certain amount and quality of coke.The injection of solid auxiliary reducing agents (ARA) may negatively affect the gas permeability and the drainage ability by two means: decrease of thickness of coke layers due to lower coke rates─and accumulation of unburnt injected particles outside the raceway─in dripping zone (DZ), cohesive zone (CZ), and shaft. Concerning the first reason, the burden-coke layer thickness ratio was increased, for example, from 0.93 for only coke operation to 1.54 while injecting 200 kg t HM À1 pulverized coal (PC) according to the calculations conducted. [1] Effects of layer thickness on the pressure drop in the BF "dry" zone and in the cohesive zone become apparent at increasing Reynolds number and flow rate. [2] Concerning the second reason, the mathematical modeling showed that char accumulates mainly in cohesive zone, deadman, and hearth. [3] The effect of accumulation of unburnt PC on the specific pressure drop is examined experimentally in this work.Factors affecting the BF operation efficiency while injecting PC can be divided into four major groups: 1) characteristics and conversion behavior of coal and formed char; 2) characteristics of charged materials and liquid products, and their change caused by PC injection; 3) BF operation parameters; and 4) design of tuyere and injection lance.These factors are also considered vital important by the current trend of PC co-injection with hydrogen-containing gases such as coke oven gas [4,5] or pure hydrogen. [6] Chemical, physical, mechanical, and petrographic characteristics of injected coals and their effect on the conversion behavior in the raceway, reducing gas, and heat generation and, consequently, on the coke replacement ratio are well known and summarized in Ref. [7,8] This also applies to the effect of BF operation parameters such as blast temperature, oxygen

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“…In other cases, the measured temperature became, on the contrary, lower by 80–100 °C without coal injection. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Pc Behavior In the Raceway And Its Effect On The Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With increasing injection rate and gas velocity, the pressure drop increases. [22] Min. °C Circles and points are different shapes of ROIs Figure 9.…”

Section: Char Effect On Gas Permeabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Carbonaceous Residues on the Blast Furnace Operation Efficiency by PC Injection

Babich

Perret

Senk

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Research on the Factors Affecting the Formation of Ore-Free Zone at Blast Furnace Throat Based on DEM

Wang

et al. 2023

Processes

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The ore-free zone in the center of the blast furnace throat is a major feature of the charging system, ensuring the permeability of the center. Factors that influence the formation of the ore-free zone need to be researched to increase the control precision. In this paper, on the basis of a 1:1 3D model of a blast furnace, the formation of an ore-free zone at the burden surface at the throat was simulated by using the discrete element method (DEM). The effects of burden line depth, batch weight, and distribution angle on the formation of ore-free zones were investigated. The results showed that with increasing burden line depth, the width of the ore-free zone increased, the thickness decreased, the ore-to-coke ratio decreased, and the central airflow developed. Only changing the ore batch weight affected the thickness and width of the ore-free zone and had a greater impact on the permeability of the ore-free zone. The greater the ore batch weight was, the worse the permeability, while changing the batch weight of both coke and ore mainly affected the thickness of the ore-free zone. The greater the batch weight of coke and ore was, the greater the thickness of the ore-free zone. In the case of changing only the angle of ore in the matrix, with the angle increasing, the ore-to-coke ratio around the ore-free zone decreased, the ore-to-coke ratio around the furnace wall increased, and the edge airflow was suppressed. In the case of changing the angle of coke and ore at the same time, with the simultaneous increase in both angles, the ore-free area was compressed in the direction of smaller charge segregation, the area with better permeability in the center of the furnace throat was reduced, and the central airflow was suppressed.

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Optimizing Combustion Efficiency in Blast Furnace Injection: A Sustainable Approach Using Biomass Char and Coal Mixtures

Tang,

Pan,

Zhu

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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This study investigated the combustion characteristics of mixed straw char and coal powder when used in blast furnace injection. The experiments examined the effects of mixing ratios between biomass char types of wheat straw char, corn straw char as well as cotton straw char, and anthracite coal on combustion characteristics and the injection effect of blast furnace. The results show that a 1:1 mixing ratio of wheat straw char and anthracite coal yields the best combustion characteristics, followed by a 1:1 ratio of corn straw char and anthracite coal. A 2:1 mixture of cotton straw char and anthracite coal exhibits the highest combustion efficiency. The study on the grindability of the mixtures indicates that straw char is easier to grind due to its brittleness. Blast furnace coal injection experiments reveal that a 50:50 mixture of cotton straw char and anthracite coal achieves the highest combustion efficiency at 74%, which is a 20.2% improvement compared to mixtures of bituminous coal and anthracite coal, significantly outperforming the other ratios. The findings underscore the importance of integrating renewable biomass resources in industrial applications to enhance sustainability in the metallurgical industry.

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Effect of pulverized coal residues on the blast furnace streaming conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Carbonaceous Residues on the Blast Furnace Operation Efficiency by PC Injection

Effect of Carbonaceous Residues on the Blast Furnace Operation Efficiency by PC Injection

Research on the Factors Affecting the Formation of Ore-Free Zone at Blast Furnace Throat Based on DEM

Optimizing Combustion Efficiency in Blast Furnace Injection: A Sustainable Approach Using Biomass Char and Coal Mixtures

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