Effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on late‐phase osteotomy gap healing in a canine tibial model

Abstract

The effects of a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) on late bone healing phases using an osteotomy gap model in the canine mid-tibia were investigated. A transverse mid-diaphyseal tibial osteotomy with a 2-mm gap was performed unilaterally in 12 adult mixed-breed dogs and stabilized with external fixation. Animals in the variable group ( n = 6) were treated with PEMF for 1 h daily starting 4 weeks after surgery for a total of 8 weeks, whereas no stimulation signal was generated in the control group (n = 6). Functional load-bearing and radiographic assessments were conducted time-sequentially until euthanasia 12 weeks after surgery. Torsional tests and an analysis of undecakified histology were performed on the retrieved mid-tibia1 diaphysis containing the osteotomy site. In the PEMF group, load-bearing of the operated limb recovered earlier when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Load-bearing in the PEMF group at 8 weeks was greater than in the control group 0, < 0.02). The periosteal callus area increased following surgery at 6 weeks (p < 0.05) and thereafter (p < 0.01) in the PEMF group, while a significant increase was observed at 8 and 10 weeks after surgery (p < 0.05) in the control group. Both the normalized maximum torque and torsional stiffness of the PEMF group were significantly greater than those of the control group (p < 0.04 and p < 0.007, respectively). Histomorphometric analyses revealed greater new-bone formation (p < 0.05) in the osteotomy gap tissue and increased mineral apposition rate (p < 0.04) and decreased porosity in the cortex adjacent to the osteotomy line (p < 0.02) in the PEMF group. PEMF stimulation of 1 h per day for 8 weeks provided faster recovery of load-bearing, a significant increase in new bone formation, and a higher mechanical strength of the healing mid-tibia1 osteotomy. This study revealed enhancing effects of PEMF o n callus formation and maturation in the late-phase of bone healing.

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic field vibration on tooth movement induced by magnetic and mechanical forces: a preliminary study

“…It appears that electrical energy, whether applied as a direct current or a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF), has the ability to affect both the depository and resorptive activities of bone and cartilage cells. [8][9][10] It is believed that orthodontic tooth movement is accompanied by site-specific bone remodelling with inflammatory nature. 11 Alveolar bone remodelling is essential for tooth movement and is characterized by tandem periods of osteoclastic recruitment, bone resorption, reversal and bone formation.…”

Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields of Different Frequencies on the Gene Expression of RANK and NFATc1 in Rat Osteoclasts Co-Cultured with Osteoblasts

“…Both the transient initial release of Ca 2+ from intracellular stores and the influx through specialized Ca 2+ channels operate the dephosphorylation of the cytoplasmic components (NFAT2 proteins) and give rise to their nuclear localization, which is followed by the activation of osteoclast-specific genes [6]. Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) are useful therapy for patients with delayed fracture healing and nonunions [21] [22] [23] and affect different aspects of biomolecular synthesis in cells, including the kinetics of DNA, RNA, and protein production [24] [25]. In previous studies, research has focused of the effects of PEMF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts respectively, but the proliferation and activation of OC in OB-OC co-culture during PEMF stimulation has not been fully elucidated.…”

Study on Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Regulate the mRNA Expression of V-ATPase, CAII, NFAT2 and RANK in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Osteoporosis Mechanism Analysis

“…PEMF as a tool for clinical therapy, widely used for patients with delayed fracture healing or non-unions [40,41]. As shown by clinical evidence, therapeutic effects can be achieved for union-delayed and nonunion bone fractures using PEMF treatment at any fracture location.…”