Effect of puerperal metritis on reproductive and productive performance in dairy cows in Argentina

Piccardi, Mónica Belén; Romero, Guadalupe García; Veneranda, G.; Castelló, Enrique; Romero, Diego; Balzarini, Mónica; Bó, G. A.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.10.038

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This finding highlights the importance of better understanding factors associated with metritis cure and develop targeted therapy strategies. However, it is important to emphasize that the current recommendation of metritis therapy with CEF can improve milk yield in the first 60 d of lactation (Oliveira et al, 2020) and shorten the calving to conception of dairy cows (Giuliodori et al, 2013;Piccardi et al, 2016;Oliveira et al, 2020). Hence, in addition to clinical cure, economically important outcomes such as reproductive performance, culling, and milk yield were considered in our analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of cow-related factors assessed at metritis diagnosis with metritis cure risk, reproductive performance, milk yield, and culling for untreated and ceftiofur-treated dairy cows

Machado

Celestino

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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Our objective was to assess the association of cowrelated factors with metritis cure risk and economically important outcomes. In this prospective cohort study nested inside a randomized clinical trial, cows enrolled in a clinical trial that aimed to evaluate an alternative metritis therapy that had available plasma samples collected at metritis diagnosis were included. Metritis was defined as fetid, watery, reddish-brownish discharge with or without fever, and cure was defined as the absence of metritis signs 12 d after diagnosis. Cows were randomly allocated to remain untreated (CON; n = 147) or receive subcutaneous injections of 6.6 mg/kg of ceftiofur crystalline-free acid at enrollment and 72 h later (CEF, n = 168). Additionally, a random subset of 150 nonmetritic cows (NMET) was also included to compare milk production, reproductive performance, and culling responses. Cow-related factors evaluated include plasma concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, and haptoglobin (Hp), parity, rectal temperature, and days in milk (DIM) at metritis diagnosis, vulvovaginal laceration (VL), BCS, dystocia, twins, and retained placenta. Among CON cows, DIM at metritis diagnosis was positively associated with metritis cure [threshold = 8, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.67], whereas plasma Hp concentration tended to be negatively associated with cure of metritis (threshold = 0.54 mg/mL, AUC = 0.64). Among CEF cows, DIM at metritis diagnosis (threshold = 5, AUC = 0.67) and dystocia were positively associated with metritis cure, whereas VL and Hp (threshold = 0.78 mg/mL, AUC = 0.76) were negatively associated with cure. For CON cows that were diagnosed with metritis after 8 DIM or had plasma Hp concentration ≤0.54 mg/mL, milk pro-duction, pregnancy, and culling risk were comparable to NMET cows. However, performance was impaired when cows that developed metritis at ≤8 DIM or had Hp >0.54 mg/mL were left untreated. Among CEF cows, Hp, DIM at metritis diagnosis, dystocia, and VL were associated with metritis cure. Milk yield, reproductive performance, and culling losses are more pronounced among CEF cows when metritis was diagnosed at ≤5 DIM, Hp >0.78 mg/mL, or if they had VL or dystocia. In conclusion, these data indicate that timing of the onset of metritis and inflammatory biomarkers could be used for the development of a selective therapy strategy for metritis, but more research is needed to identify more accurate predictors of metritis spontaneous cure and treatment failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association of cow-related factors assessed at metritis diagnosis with metritis cure risk, reproductive performance, milk yield, and culling for untreated and ceftiofur-treated dairy cows

Machado

Celestino

Oliveira

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…It was suggested that the products of these genes may mediate induction of lesions in the uterine mucosa and promote the growth of opportunistic bacterial species, such as T. pyogenes and F. necrophorum, which would ultimately induce clinical signs of PPM (Bicalho et al, 2012). The disease was associated with negative effects in dairy cows, such as reduced milk production and lower reproductive performances (Toni et al, 2015;Piccardi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Escherichia coli virulence factors and postpartum metritis in dairy cows

Kassé

Fairbrother

Dubuc

2016

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objectives of this study were to report the prevalence of Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows before the onset of postpartum metritis (PPM) and to quantify their association with subsequent occurrence of PPM, to quantify the association between the presence of genes encoding E. coli virulence factors (VF) and PPM, and to determine the accuracy of using early postpartum uterine bacteriology results (bacteria and VF) to identify cows at risk of PPM. A prospective cohort study was conducted on 3 commercial dairy farms. Uterine swabs were collected from 371 Holstein dairy cows (3 commercial herds) at 1 to 7d in milk and submitted to the laboratory for identification of E. coli, T. pyogenes, and E. coli VF. A total of 40 VF were tested using the radioactive probe hybridization method. Postpartum metritis was defined as the presence of a fetid watery red-brown uterine discharge, associated with fever (rectal temperature >39.5°C), and systemic signs of illness (dullness, reduced appetite, and milk production). Surveillance of PPM was done by trained farmers blinded to laboratory results and cows were followed until 21d in milk. Statistical analyses were conducted using 2×2 tables and mixed logistical regression models. Prevalences of E. coli, T. pyogenes, and PPM were 42, 34, and 15%, respectively. A total of 32 VF were found in E. coli isolates. Most prevalent VF were extraintestinal pathogenic genes such as fimH (89%), hlyE (87%), and iss (70%). Cows positive for intrauterine E. coli were 3.2 times more likely to have subsequent PPM compared with bacteriologically negative cows. Cows with VF hra1 in their uterus were 2.7 times more likely to have PPM than cows positive for E. coli and negative for hra1 and 5.9 times more likely than bacteriologically negative cows. Cows with VF kpsMTII in their uterus were 3.2 times more likely to have PPM than cows positive for E. coli and negative for kpsMTII and 6.2 times more likely than bacteriologically negative cows. Using E. coli, hra1, and kpsMTII as predictors for subsequent PPM, positive predictive values were 23, 31, and 42%, respectively, whereas the negative predictive values were 91, 80, and 78%, respectively. Overall, these results showed that E. coli and some VF were associated with PPM.

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“…Many authors have found that puerperal metritis lowers the fertility rate (Jorritsma et al, 2000;Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 66, 2018McDougall et al, 2007Elkjaer et al, 2013). Piccardi et al (2016) reported a significant negative effect of puerperal metritis on fertility only in infected but not treated cows, while Maizon et al (2004) found that cows with puerperal metritis had a reduced conception rate, although the difference did not reach the level of statistical significance.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Holstein-Friesian dairy farm survey of postparturient factors influencing the days to first AI and days open in Hungary

Barastegui

Szelényi

Choukeir

et al. 2018

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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The authors monitored the postpartum period during the first seven weeks after calving at a Holstein-Friesian dairy farm in Hungary. Calvings occurred between 2013 and 2015 in three periods from June to November each year (n = 314). Data were collected from the farm record and ultrasonographic examinations were performed between 22 to 28 and 43 to 49 days in milk (DIM), respectively. The animals were followed until successful artificial insemination (AI), i.e. until becoming pregnant or until culling, but at most at 365 DIM. The prevalence of dystocia, twin calving, stillbirth rate and retained fetal membranes (RFM) was 23.2%, 3.8%, 3.5%, and 34.4%, respectively. Altogether 38.9% of the cows (n = 122) had bacterial complications of involution in the first 49 DIM. The prevalence of Grade 2 clinical (puerperal) metritis (CM) was 20.1% within 5 DIM, 10.5% between 6 to 10 DIM and 13.1% from 11 to 20 DIM, while 9.9% of the cows had clinical endometritis (CEM) between 21 and 28 DIM and 1.3% of the cows between 42 and 49 DIM, respectively. Pyometra was diagnosed in 1% of the cows between 21 and 28 DIM and 0.3% between 42 to 49 DIM, respectively. About 80% (80.6%) of the cows were inseminated at least once (n = 253). The success rate of the first AI was 26.9% (n = 68). Dystocia, twin calving, RFM, CM, CEM and cyclicity had no significant effect on the days between calving and first AI, however, according to the Kaplan-Meier analysis stillbirth significantly increased the number of days from calving to first AI (P = 0.039). According to the Kaplan- Meier analysis dystocia, twin calving, stillbirth, RFM, and cyclicity had no effect on the days open. In cows with CM developed within 5 DIM or with CEM diagnosed between 21 and 28 DIM the number of days open significantly decreased (P = 0.009 and P = 0.007, respectively), which confirms the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of uterine diseases. Similar surveys should be conducted to discover the risk factors for reproductive diseases in order to decrease the reproductive losses in dairy farms.

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Effect of puerperal metritis on reproductive and productive performance in dairy cows in Argentina

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

The association of cow-related factors assessed at metritis diagnosis with metritis cure risk, reproductive performance, milk yield, and culling for untreated and ceftiofur-treated dairy cows

The association of cow-related factors assessed at metritis diagnosis with metritis cure risk, reproductive performance, milk yield, and culling for untreated and ceftiofur-treated dairy cows

Relationship between Escherichia coli virulence factors and postpartum metritis in dairy cows

A Holstein-Friesian dairy farm survey of postparturient factors influencing the days to first AI and days open in Hungary

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