“…By contrast, secondary hepatic dysfunction, which is more severe than primary one, is characterized by structural and functional lesions, and results from the direct action of bacteria, endotoxins and inflammatory molecules, which unleash or perpetuate the systemic inflammation and organic dysfunction 11 . Gastric ischemia causes a distributive shock, with a reduction in the splanchnic perfusion, which compromises the proper functions of the organ 12,16 . Diverse mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder, including the deformation of red blood cells, as well as an increase in both vascular permeability and the apoptosis of endothelial cells.…”