Effect of ProRoot MTA on Pulp Cell Apoptosis and Proliferation In Vitro

Abstract

ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) has been indicated as a pulp capping material. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of tooth-colored (white) MTA on pulp cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Mouse odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) and undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) were exposed to 0 to 100 mg MTA for 24 h. Propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometry demonstrated that MTA did not induce apoptosis of MDPC-23 or OD-21 (p > 0.05). Cell cycle analysis showed that MTA induced a modest (but significant) increase in the percentage of MDPC-23 in the S and G2 phases, and OD-21 in the S phase of cell cycle, as compared to untreated controls (p </= 0.05). In conclusion, MTA induced proliferation, and not apoptosis, of pulp cells in vitro. These findings suggest a potential mechanism to explain the regenerative effect observed in the dentin-pulp complex when MTA was used for direct pulp capping.

Involvement of the calcium-sensing receptor in mineral trioxide aggregate-induced osteogenic gene expression in murine MC3T3-E1 cells

“…Although the effect of MTA on MC3T3-E1 cells was minimal, a significant difference between the groups was found on day 3. Our results were consistent with previously reports that MTA enables proliferation of various cell types [4][5][6][7][8] , and the excellent biocompatibility of MTA was confirmed.…”

“…Thus, MTA has been widely used in endodontic treatments, including direct pulp capping, root-end filling, perforation repair, and apexification [1][2][3] . MTA bioactivity involves the ability to enhance cell proliferation, migration, and mineralization in various cell types [4][5][6][7][8][9] . MTA contains primarily calcium silicate, which is converted into calcium hydroxide upon contact with tissue fluid.…”

Alkaline phosphatase activity assessment of two endodontic materials: a preliminary study

“…Due to the limited resources available the cells might have slipped into cell death phase (46). By 48 hours, the local environment might not have been conducive for continued cell growth.…”

Reactions of human dental pulp cells to capping agents in the presence or absence of bacterial exposure

“…MTA induces the proliferation of mouse odontoblast-like cells in undifferentiated pulp cells in vitro, and set MTA is not irritating and shows good biocompatibility in vivo (4)(5)(6). MTA facilitates faster HDP cell proliferation and induces more dentin bridge formation than Dycal (7)(8)(9).…”