“…The tendency to increase the adhesion and cohesion strength with an increase in the temperature of the gas at the nozzle inlet during cold spraying is also confirmed in the works of many researchers [51][52][53][54].…”
Section: Effect Of Investigated Process Parameters On Responsesmentioning
The paper considers the conducted study of the complex effect of low-pressure cold spraying parameters, namely the nozzle inlet temperature, stand-off distance, and powder feed rate on the adhesion and deposition efficiency of coatings from a Ni+Al2O3 powder on VT3-1 titanium alloy substrate. Based on predetermined information, the main levels and intervals of factor variation were selected. The dependence of the adhesion and deposition efficiency on the selected variables was approximated by a second-order polynomial. In accordance with the developed matrix of the experiment (central compositional design), a coating of the studied powder was deposited. The average value of these parameters was determined using standard methods for studying the adhesion strength (ASTM C603) and the deposition efficiency for thermal spray coatings. Based on the results of experimental data, regression equations were obtained for adhesion and deposition efficiency. For the purpose of checking the adequacy of the model, an analysis of variance was performed. It was confirmed that the obtained empirical dependences can be used to predict the adhesion and deposition efficiency of cold spraying of coatings from a Ni+Al2O3 powder on VT3-1 titanium alloy in the specified ranges of values of spraying parameters. Multi-factor optimization of the spraying parameters in order to obtain maximum values of adhesion strength and deposition efficiency was performed using the response surface methodology in the Stat-Ease 360 software. Three-dimensional and contour graphs of the dependence of the adhesion and deposition efficiency on the studied parameters were developed from the obtained empirical models. The optimal combination of parameters of low-pressure cold spraying, which ensures the maximum adhesion (34.78 MPa) and deposition efficiency (29.46%) of the Ni+Al2O3 coating mixture, is the nozzle inlet temperature—537 °C, stand-off distance—11 mm, and powder feed rate—0.6 g s−1.
“…The tendency to increase the adhesion and cohesion strength with an increase in the temperature of the gas at the nozzle inlet during cold spraying is also confirmed in the works of many researchers [51][52][53][54].…”
Section: Effect Of Investigated Process Parameters On Responsesmentioning
The paper considers the conducted study of the complex effect of low-pressure cold spraying parameters, namely the nozzle inlet temperature, stand-off distance, and powder feed rate on the adhesion and deposition efficiency of coatings from a Ni+Al2O3 powder on VT3-1 titanium alloy substrate. Based on predetermined information, the main levels and intervals of factor variation were selected. The dependence of the adhesion and deposition efficiency on the selected variables was approximated by a second-order polynomial. In accordance with the developed matrix of the experiment (central compositional design), a coating of the studied powder was deposited. The average value of these parameters was determined using standard methods for studying the adhesion strength (ASTM C603) and the deposition efficiency for thermal spray coatings. Based on the results of experimental data, regression equations were obtained for adhesion and deposition efficiency. For the purpose of checking the adequacy of the model, an analysis of variance was performed. It was confirmed that the obtained empirical dependences can be used to predict the adhesion and deposition efficiency of cold spraying of coatings from a Ni+Al2O3 powder on VT3-1 titanium alloy in the specified ranges of values of spraying parameters. Multi-factor optimization of the spraying parameters in order to obtain maximum values of adhesion strength and deposition efficiency was performed using the response surface methodology in the Stat-Ease 360 software. Three-dimensional and contour graphs of the dependence of the adhesion and deposition efficiency on the studied parameters were developed from the obtained empirical models. The optimal combination of parameters of low-pressure cold spraying, which ensures the maximum adhesion (34.78 MPa) and deposition efficiency (29.46%) of the Ni+Al2O3 coating mixture, is the nozzle inlet temperature—537 °C, stand-off distance—11 mm, and powder feed rate—0.6 g s−1.
“…Cortes et al [200] deposited cold-sprayed 316L stainless steel coatings on S355-J2 carbon steel at varying gas pressure and temperature. The results showed that the elastic modulus for as-sprayed coating improved with the increase in gas pressure.…”
Section: Elastic Modulusmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The elastic modulus value obtained for cold spray coatings and HVOF sprayed is compared, as shown in Figure 41. Figure 41 Elastic modulus of cold-sprayed and HVOF sprayed 316L stainless steel coatings on S355-J2 carbon steel at varying gas pressure and temperature [200]. …”
Section: Influence Of Processing Conditions On the Properties Of Cold...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This shows that there might be an effect of porosity on the elastic modulus value, as depicted in Figure 42. Figure 42 Effect of the porosity value on the elastic modulus of the as-sprayed coatings [200]. …”
Section: Influence Of Processing Conditions On the Properties Of Cold...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 41. Elastic modulus of cold-sprayed and HVOF sprayed 316L stainless steel coatings on S355-J2 carbon steel at varying gas pressure and temperature[200].…”
Cold spray is an emerging surface coating technology for rapidly developing thick coating, thin films and additive manufacturing of parts at relatively low temperatures. The low cost and scalability of a cold spray method make it promising for diverse industrial applications. Presently, the cold spray coating is widely used for the production of machine parts, materials and tools that requires the desired surface properties. However, the consideration of process parameters setting develops a reliable coating having high mechanical, tribological, fatigue and morphological properties for demanding coating applications. Hence, the aim of this paper is to study the effect of processing conditions (pressure and temperature of propellant gas, powder particle morphology and post-process treatments) on the tribological and mechanical properties of cold-sprayed coatings. Further, the effect of microstructure and processing conditions on the fatigue and static characteristics of cold spray material is also discussed.
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