Effect of process variables interaction on simultaneous adsorption of phenol and 4-chlorophenol: statistical modeling and optimization using RSM

Abstract

Results of the interaction of process variables and the consequential mixture of phenolic compounds adsorption study are expected to shed brighter light on the wastewater treatment applications. Accordingly, the aims of this research are to model and optimize the process variables which impinged on the simultaneous adsorption of phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) in the binary solution by spherical activated carbon (SAC). Batch assessments were designed using response surface methodology software. The process variables, namely SAC dosage and pH were varied over the 1.50-3.50 g/L and 4.00-9.00 g/L ranges, respectively, were experimented. The analysis of variance results showed the significant models could precisely predict the percentage removals of phenol and 4-CP, indicating models reliability. The interaction of process variables was inconspicuous for the case of phenol adsorption. However, increasing the pH would deteriorate the 4-CP adsorption which was partially offset by raising the SAC dosage. Considering the environmental benefits, optimization taken place at the SAC dosage and pH of 3.50 g/L and 7.60 g/L, respectively, was selected. By employing the optimized conditions of SAC dosage of 3.50 g/L at pH 7.60 for the adsorption process, the predicted phenol and 4-CP removal percentages were found to be 85.4 % (73.1 mg/g) and 96.2 % (82.6 mg/g), respectively, which were in agreement with the experimental runs.

RETRACTED: A Sugarcane-Bagasse-Based Adsorbent Employed for Mitigating Eutrophication Threats and Producing Biodiesel Simultaneously

“…As the targeted adsorbate in this study was a suspended microalgal biomass having a size range of 20-50 µm rather than the dissolved adsorbate, a large adsorbent size offered more macropores for accommodating microalgal cells. For comparison with dissolved adsorbate, the powdered form of adsorbents is generally preferred due to the presence of more micropores and mesopores capable of capturing the targeted dissolved adsorbate [22,23]. However, continuous increase of adsorbent size, especially beyond 8.0 mm, would culminate in the reduction of external surface area, impoverishing the frequency of contact between the adsorbent and microalgal cells.…”

Central Composite Design (CCD) applied for statistical optimization of glucose and sucrose binary carbon mixture in enhancing the denitrification process

“…The dependent variable or response used to gauge the outcome of glucose and sucrose mixture was the percentage removal of NO 3 --N measured at the end of every run. The optimum mixture of glucose and sucrose was later predicted using quadratic equation model as expressed in the following equation (Myers et al 2009;Leong et al 2016):…”

Preparation, Characterization, and Chemically Modified Date Palm Fiber Waste Biomass for Enhanced Phenol Removal from an Aqueous Environment

“…Phenol (C 6 H 5 OH) is one of the most important pollutants that is often released into wastewater via the manufacturing processes of the plastic, paint, and textile industries [1,2]. According to estimations by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the Andhra Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (APSPCB), phenolic wastes released from industries such as the polymer, pharmaceutical, and petrochemical industries amounted to 56,000 tons/year in the USA and 190 tons/month in Andhra Pradesh in India [3,4]. Phenolic compounds have been enlisted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the European Union (EU) as pollutants of primary concern.…”