Effect of Printing Parameters on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed PLA and PETG, Using Fused Deposition Modeling

Hsueh, Ming-Hsien; Lai, Chao-Jung; Wang, Shihao; Zeng, Yushan; Hsieh, Chia-Hsin; Pan, Chieh-Yu; Huang, Wen-Chen

doi:10.3390/polym13111758

Cited by 115 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…When the printing temperature is more than 195 °C, the fracture direction of the test specimen is vertical to the tensile applied direction. An incomplete melting due to the lower printing temperature causes poor bonding between layers and the loss of internal structure [ 29 ]. The two failure modes are defined as inter-failure mode and in-layer failure mode [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Printing Temperature and Filling Percentage on the Mechanical Behavior of Fused Deposition Molding Technology Components for 3D Printing

et al. 2021

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Additive manufacturing (AM) has the advantages of providing materials with lightweight microporous structures and customized features, and being environmentally safe. It is widely used in medical sciences, the aerospace industry, biological research, engineering applications, and other fields. Among the many additive manufacturing methods, fused deposition modeling (FDM) is relatively low-cost, wastes less raw material and has a lower technical threshold. This paper presents a study on 3D printing based on FDM by changing two printing parameters, namely the printing temperature and filling percentage. The produced polylactic acid (PLA) material was analyzed through tensile and Shore D hardness tests and the differences in mechanical properties before and after the UV curing process were analyzed. The results show that increasing the filling percentage or increasing the printing temperature can effectively improve the tensile Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and Shore hardness of the material. The UV curing process could enhance the rigidity and hardness of the material significantly but reduced the strength and toughness of the material. These findings could benefit researchers studying FDM with the goal of achieving sustainable manufactured materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Printing Temperature and Filling Percentage on the Mechanical Behavior of Fused Deposition Molding Technology Components for 3D Printing

et al. 2021

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“…The samples were fabricated with a Prusa i3 MK3S (Prusa Research, Prague, Czech Republic) model 3D printer, employing the FDM technology. The fabricated samples were PETG possesses good chemical resistance, durability, and excellent formability for 3D printing [42][43][44][45]. PETG can be easily vacuumed and pressure-formed, as well as heat-bent, thanks to its low forming temperatures.…”

Section: D Printer Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Destructive Porosity Measurements of 3D Printed Polymer by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy

Naftaly

Savvides²,

Alshareef

et al. 2022

Applied Sciences

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The porosity and inhomogeneity of 3D printed polymer samples were examined using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy, and the effects of 3D printer settings were analysed. A set of PETG samples were 3D printed by systematically varying the printer parameters, including layer thickness, nozzle diameter, filament (line) thickness, extrusion, and printing pattern. Their effective refractive indices and loss coefficients were measured and compared with those of solid PETG. Porosity was calculated from the refractive index. A diffraction feature was observed in the loss spectrum of all 3D printed samples and was used as an indication of inhomogeneity. A “sweet spot” of printer settings was found, where porosity and inhomogeneity were minimised.

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“…Both PETG and PLA were able to fulfil the proposed performance (loading capacity), but in this study, PLA was selected due to its bio-based structure and its industrial composting possibilities. Hsueh et al [16] compared the compression properties of PLA and PETG specimens at different printing temperatures and speeds. They found that the values of the compression properties increased with the increasing printing temperature due to the decrease in the contact stress at the line and line contacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compressive Behaviour of 3D-Printed PETG Composites

2022

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It is known that 3D-printed PETG composites reinforced with carbon or Kevlar fibres are materials that can be suitable for specific applications in the aeronautical and/or automotive sector. However, for this purpose, it is necessary to understand their mechanical behaviour, which is not yet fully understood in terms of compression. Therefore, this study intends to increase the knowledge in this domain, especially in terms of static behaviour, as well as with regard to creep and stress relaxation due to the inherent viscoelasticity of the matrix. In this context, static, stress relaxation and creep tests were carried out, in compressive mode, using neat PETG and PETG composites reinforced with carbon and Kevlar fibres. From the static tests, it was found that the yield compressive strength decreased in both composites compared to the neat polymer. Values around 9.9% and 68.7% lower were found, respectively, when carbon and Kevlar fibres were added to the PETG. Similar behaviour was observed for compressive displacement, where a reduction of 20.4% and 46.3% was found, respectively. On the other hand, the compressive modulus increased by 12.4% when carbon fibres were added to the PETG matrix and decreased by 39.6% for Kevlar fibres. Finally, the stress relaxation behaviour revealed a decrease in compressive stresses over time for neat PETG, while the creep response promoted greater compressive displacement. In both situations, the response was very dependent on the displacement/stress level used at the beginning of the test. However, when the fibres were added to the polymer, higher stress relaxations and compressive displacements were observed.

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Effect of Printing Parameters on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed PLA and PETG, Using Fused Deposition Modeling

Cited by 115 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of Printing Temperature and Filling Percentage on the Mechanical Behavior of Fused Deposition Molding Technology Components for 3D Printing

Effects of Printing Temperature and Filling Percentage on the Mechanical Behavior of Fused Deposition Molding Technology Components for 3D Printing

Non-Destructive Porosity Measurements of 3D Printed Polymer by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy

Compressive Behaviour of 3D-Printed PETG Composites

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