Effect of Prenatal Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Children With Overweight Condition or Obesity

Kerling, Elizabeth H.; Hilton, Jamie M.; Thodosoff, Jocelynn M.; Wick, Jo; Colombo, John; Carlson, Susan E.

doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0088

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…While the trials are too different in their manipulation and in their fundamental sample demographics to compare directly here, they do share a fair number of harmonized outcome variables in the domain of postnatal cognitive development to invite a putative inference that postnatal supplementation might produce more pervasive long-term positive effects on infant child neurocognition [72] than prenatal supplementation. On the other hand, the prenatal supplementation produced clear metabolic effects [73] that were not evident from the postnatal trial. While these outcomes and comparisons cannot be considered definitive, they do invite a vision of what might be possible with broadly harmonized outcomes for clinical trials in the future in the field of nutrition.…”

Section: Age and Timing In Nutritional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Critical and Sensitive Periods in Development and Nutrition

2019

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Critical or sensitive periods in the life of an organism during which certain experiences or conditions may exert disproportionate influence (either for harm or benefit) on long-term developmental outcomes have been the subject of investigation for over a century. This chapter reviews research in the context of the development of social preferences and sensory systems, with a summary of the criteria for defining such a period and the evidence necessary to establish its existence. The notion of nutritional programming, central to the Barker/Developmental Origins hypotheses of health and disease, represents a variant of the critical/sensitive period concept. It is implicit in these hypotheses that the fetal period is a time during which metabolic and physiological systems are malleable and thus susceptible to either insult or enhancement by nutrient intake. Evidence for critical/sensitive periods or nutritional programming requires a systematic manipulation of the age at which nutritional conditions or supplements are implemented. While common in research using animal models, the approach is difficult to establish in epidemiological studies and virtually nonexistent in human clinical trials. Future work seeking to establish definitive evidence for critical/sensitive periods or programming may be advanced by harmonized outcome measures in experimental trials across which the timing, duration, and dose of nutrients is varied.

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Section: Age and Timing In Nutritional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Critical and Sensitive Periods in Development and Nutrition

2019

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“…As child's height and child's BMI could be an intermediate or modifying factor in the association between DHA and BP, given evidence in the literature on an association between DHA and height [40,41] and DHA and BP in overweight children [42], we performed a sensitivity analysis where we used height and BMI as the outcome instead of BP. For those studies that had an intervention component by design (related or unrelated), we checked whether the associations were similar for the intervention and control arms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast milk n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood pressure: an individual participant meta-analysis

et al. 2020

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Purpose It is controversial whether a higher intake of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFA) through breastfeeding is associated or not to a lower blood pressure (BP) during childhood. We aimed to clarify this point by undertaking a meta-analysis involving the data from seven European birth cohorts. Methods We searched https ://www.birth cohor t.net for studies that had collected breast milk samples, and had at least one BP measurement in childhood. Principal investigators were contacted, and all agreed to share data. One additional study was identified by contacts with the principal investigators. For each cohort, we analyzed the association of breast milk n-3 LC PUFAs with systolic and diastolic BP with linear mixed effects models or linear regression, and pooled the estimates with a random effects model. We also investigated age-specific and sex-specific associations. Results A total of 2188 participants from 7 cohorts were included. Overall, no associations between breast milk n-3 LC PUFAs and BP were observed. In the pooled analysis, each 0.1 wt% increment in breast milk docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was associated with a 1.19 (95% CI − 3.31, 0.94) mmHg lower systolic BP. Associations were similar for boys and girls and at different ages. Conclusion In this individual participant meta-analysis, we found no evidence for an association between breast milk n-3 LC PUFAs and BP.

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“…The few n-3 LC-PUFA programming studies performed in animal models (as reviewed in Muhlhausler et al, 2011) support the notion that n-3 LC-PUFA may ameliorate unfavorable metabolic outcome due to an adverse perinatal environment, i.e. fetal dexamethasone exposure or neonatal overfeeding (Wyrwoll et al, 2006;Hou et al, 2012;Hidaka et al, 2018;Kerling et al, 2019). Indeed, we recently showed that an early diet containing large, PL coated lipids droplets (Nuturis ® , Gallier et al, 2015) in early life improved long term metabolic outcomes in growth restricted rats when challenged with a western style diet later in life (Teller et al, 2018).…”

Section: Critical Periods In Mice and Menmentioning

confidence: 97%

Nutritional programming in early life: the role of dietary lipid quality for future health

Beek

Oosting

2020

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Worldwide, overweight and obesity have increased dramatically, not only in high income countries. Clearly, unhealthy diets and sedentary lifestyle are important drivers of the increased obesity rates, but increasing evidence indicates that the vulnerability for later life non-communicable diseases is set during the first 1000 days, the period from conception until 2 years of age. The growth during this period is faster than during any other period in life. Dietary fats provide energy for growth, but also supply essential fatty acid (FA) precursors for long chain polyunsaturated FA that are building blocks and signals for adipose tissue development. Both epidemiological and experimental data support the notion that specific improvements in dietary fat quality, e.g. specific changes in the fatty acid composition as well as the structural organization of dietary lipids, may reduce the risk of obesity and other adverse outcomes in later life, but clinical evidence is limited and largely inconclusive. We anticipate that effects of such relatively small improvements in nutrient quality may be difficult to measure on the short term and have limited impact in healthy children. However, for children that already experience challenging conditions in the womb and have a higher risk profile based on deviations in birthweight and postnatal growth, the potential protective effects of improved dietary lipid quality in early life could be more substantial. Results from randomized clinical studies testing improved lipid quality concepts will help to develop specific strategies to adapt infant nutrition based on the need with the aim to improve long term outcomes.Keywords: LA-ALA ratio / fatty acid composition / dietary fat structure / metabolic programming / obesity risk ☆ Contribution to the Topical Issue "Lipids and health / Lipides et santé".

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Effect of Prenatal Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation on Blood Pressure in Children With Overweight Condition or Obesity

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

Critical and Sensitive Periods in Development and Nutrition

Critical and Sensitive Periods in Development and Nutrition

Breast milk n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood pressure: an individual participant meta-analysis

Nutritional programming in early life: the role of dietary lipid quality for future health

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