Effect of Preloaded Ferrocene in Co-pyrolysis of Kerosene/Ferrocene on CNT Synthesis

Abstract

Based on elemental analyses, slop oil which is typical petroleum waste could be represented by kerosene according to the major content of hydrocarbons containing 8-15 of carbon atoms. It was found that co-pyrolysis of mixture of kerosene and ferrocene with a certain amount of ferrocene preloaded into a quartz tube reactor could result in formation of carbon nanotubes with uniform morphology and substantial yield. Based on thermogravimetric and SEM analyses, it was found that typical sample of CNTs synthesized with a designated weight ratio of ferrocene mixed with kerosene and preloaded ferrocene of 1:1 exhibited better thermal stability and more uniform morphology with an average diameter of less than 100 nm.

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“…From Thonganantakul et al [46], CNT yields decreased from 56.0% to 41.1% and 25.7% when molar ratio of kerosene to ferrocene increased from 1:1 to 2.2:1 and 3.3:1, respectively, at synthesis temperature of 900 °C. A decrease in product yield was obtained due to the less amount of Fe particles which was not sufficient for selfassembly of CNT at high molar ratio of kerosene to ferrocene.…”

“…Their results revealed that an increase in molar ratio of kerosene to ferrocene decreased CNT yields. At high molar ratio of kerosene to ferrocene, the amount of Fe particles was not sufficient for self-assembly of CNTs [46].…”

“…Thonganantakul et al [46] synthesized CNTs by CVD method using a quart tube reactor. N2 was used as a carrier gas with the flowrate of 100 cm 3 /min.…”

“…From Thonganantakul et al [46], yields by weight of CNTs were calculated from weight of CNTs divided by the summation of weight of kerosene and weight of ferrocene. When molar ratio of kerosene to ferrocene increased from 1:1 to 2.2:1 and 3.3:1, CNT yields decreased from 56.0% to 41.1% and 25.7%.…”

“…From Thonganantakul et al [46], FESEM was used to observe the morphology of CNTs as shown in Figure 10. In this figure, FK:FP represented the weight ratio of kerosene to ferrocene which was varied from 1:1 to 2:1 and 3:1.…”