Effect of preload on the transmural distribution of diastolic coronary blood flow

Archie, Joseph P.; Brown, Robert N.

doi:10.1016/0022-4804(74)90034-1

Cited by 25 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, some investigators believe that edema may increase the oxygen diffusion distance [10,27], and an increase in myocardial interstitial fluid pressure may increase coronary vascular resistance [27,50]. Indeed, studies suggest that edema could yield an increase in diffusion distance [2,3]. Furthermore, experimental studies have correlated changes in intramyocardial pressure with changes in the zero-flow pressure as well as peak diastolic flows [19,43].…”

Section: Active Processes Are Minimally Affected By the Experimental mentioning

confidence: 99%

AWARD ARTICLE: Microcirculatory Society Award for Excellence in Lymphatic ResearchTime Course of Myocardial Interstitial Edema Resolution and Associated Left Ventricular Dysfunction

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Please cite this paper as: Dongaonkar RM, Stewart RH, Quick CM, Uray KL, Cox CS, Laine GA. Time course of myocardial interstitial edema resolution and associated left ventricular dysfunction. Microcirculation 19: 714–722, 2012. Abstract Objective: Although the causal relationship between acute myocardial edema and cardiac dysfunction has been established, resolution of myocardial edema and subsequent recovery of cardiac function have not been established. The time to resolve myocardial edema and the degree that cardiac function is depressed after edema resolves are not known. We therefore characterized temporal changes in cardiac function as acute myocardial edema formed and resolved. Methods: Acute myocardial edema was induced in the canine model by elevating coronary sinus pressure for three hours. Myocardial water content and cardiac function were determined before and during coronary sinus pressure elevation, and after coronary sinus pressure restoration. Results: Although no change in systolic properties was detected, accumulation of water in myocardial interstitium was associated with increased diastolic stiffness. When coronary sinus pressure was relieved, myocardial edema resolved within 180 minutes. Diastolic stiffness, however, remained significantly elevated compared with baseline values, and cardiac function remained compromised. Conclusions: The present work suggests that the cardiac dysfunction caused by the formation of myocardial edema may persist after myocardial edema resolves. With the advent of new imaging techniques to quantify myocardial edema, this insight provides a new avenue for research to detect and treat a significant cause of cardiac dysfunction.

show abstract

Section: Active Processes Are Minimally Affected By the Experimental mentioning

confidence: 99%

AWARD ARTICLE: Microcirculatory Society Award for Excellence in Lymphatic ResearchTime Course of Myocardial Interstitial Edema Resolution and Associated Left Ventricular Dysfunction

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Archie & Brown, 1974;Domenech, 1978). We investigated this problem by studying the effect of increases in diastolic pressure and volume on the diastolic CF in 5 dog hearts contracting isovolumically.…”

Section: ±3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 14‐15 February 1992, Bristol Meeting: Communications

1992

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) possesses atypical f3-adrenoceptors (fi3) which stimulate energy expenditure by increasing lipogenesis and thermogenesis. Holloway et al. (1991) reported that ICI D7114 selectively stimulates these atypical k3-receptors, increasing BAT oxygen consumption and thermogenesis.We have previously reported that CBA/Ca obese diabetic mice exhibit reduced lipogenesis compared to normal littermates (Al-Qatari et al. 1991) .In vivo lipogenesis rates were estimated by measuring the incorporation of 3H into fatty acids extracted from adipose tissue following I.P. injection of 3H20 (Mercer & Trayhurn, 1983). D7114 was administered either chronically in the food (dose equivalent to 3 mg (kg body weight)-l day-' for 3 weeks) or acutely (5 mg kg-' I.P.) 1 hour prior to 3H20 injection. Insulin (1 IU kg-' I.P.) was injected 15 minutes before 3H20. Mitochrondrial activity was monitored by measuring the specific activity of cytochrome oxidase.Acute D7114 significantly increased basal BAT lipogenesis rates from 63.7 ± 0.6 to 109.9 ± 16.9 jug atoms H incorporated h-' (g fat-free tissue weight)-l (means ± S.E.M., n = 10-13; P < 0.03, t test). Chronic treatment with D7114 also increased BAT lipogenesis by 61 % above controls. In contrast, insulinstimulated BAT lipogenesis was lower following acute D7114: 60.0 ± 7.0 compared with 119.9 ± 20.2 (n = 9-14) in controls. Basal and insulin-stimulated lipogenesis in white adipose tissue (epididymal fat pads) was unaltered by either acute or chronic D7114. Chronic D7114 treatment significantly increased cytochrome c oxidase activity (P < 0.01, t test): 22.5 ± 2.3 compared with 13.1 ± 1.3,umol cyto c min-' in controls. Acute D7114 had no effect on cytochrome c oxidase activity.These results demonstrate that D7114 is effective in increasing basal rates of BAT lipogenesis in obese diabetic mice and that chronic dosing increases mitochondrial activity, thus increasing energy expenditure.We are grateful to ICI Pharmaceuticals for supplies of D7114.

show abstract

“…Finally, the Cororeary venous pressure und myocardial blood j i ' o~~ distribution Many factors affect transmural distribution of blood during systole and diastole. To remove the effects of systole, of coronary vascular autoregulation and of capacitance, Archie and Brown j 1974) and Archie ( 1978) studied maximally vasodilated perfused hearts during diastolic amest. With high coronary artery pressures of 70-90 mmHg, they found that increasing Heft ventricular preload to 20 mmHg had no measurable effect on the transmural distribution of left ventricular myocardial flow.…”

Section: Validation Of the Experzrnental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ellis and Klocke (1979) have shown that the lowest portion sf the PFR in the coronary circulation is concave to the pressure axis. To remove the effects of systole and of coronary vascular autoregulation, Archie and Brown (1974) and Archie (1978:) studied the maximally vasodilated coronary bed during hypocallcernic diastolic arrest. Other investigators ( (Domenech 1978;Ellis and Klocke 1979) studied PFR in beating hearts with pphamacologically induced maximal coronary artery vasodilataticsw when coronary inflow was limited to the interval of diastole.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of coronary sinus pressure elevation on coronary blood flow distribution in dogs with normal preload

Rouleau¹,

White²

1985

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronary sinus pressure (Pcs) elevation shifts the diastolic coronary pressure-flow relation (PFR) of the entire left ventricular myocardium to a higher pressure intercept. This finding suggests that Pcs is one determinant of zero-flow pressure (Pzf) and challenges the existence of a vascular waterfall mechanism in the coronary circulation. To determine whether coronary sinus or tissue pressure is the effective coronary back pressure in different layers of the left ventricular myocardium, the effect of increasing Pcs was studied while left ventricular preload was low. PFRs were determined experimentally by graded constriction of the circumflex coronary artery while measuring flow using a flowmeter. Transmural myocardial blood flow distribution was studied (15-micron radioactive spheres) at steady state, during maximal coronary artery vasodilatation at three points on the linear portion of the circumflex PFR both at low and high diastolic Pcs (7 +/- 3 vs. 22 +/- 5 mmHg; p less than 0.0001) (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa). In the uninstrumented anterior wall the blood flow measurements were obtained in triplicate at the two Pcs levels. From low to high Pcs, mean aortic (98 +/- 23 mmHg) and left atrial (5 +/- 3 mmHg) pressure, percent diastolic time (49 +/- 7%), percent left ventricular wall thickening (32 +/- 4%), and percent myocardial lactate extraction (15 +/- 12%) were not significantly changed. Increasing Pcs did not alter the slope of the PFR; however, the Pzf increased in the subepicardial layer (p less than 0.0001), whereas in the subendocardial layer Pzf did not change significantly. Similar slopes and Pzf were observed for the PFR of both total myocardial mass and subepicardial region at low and high Pcs. Subendocardial:subepicardial blood flow ratios increased for each set of measurements when Pcs was elevated (p less than 0.0001), owing to a reduction of subepicardial blood flow; however, subendocardial blood flow remained unchanged, while starting in the subepicardium toward midmyocardium blood flow decreased at high Pcs. This pattern was similar for the uninstrumented anterior wall as well as in the posterior wall. Thus as Pcs increases it becomes the effective coronary back pressure with decreasing magnitude from the subepicardium toward the subendocardium of the left ventricle. Assuming that elevating Pcs results in transmural elevation in coronary venous pressure, these findings support the hypothesis of a differential intramyocardial waterfall mechanism with greater subendo- than subepi-cardial tissue pressure.

show abstract

Effect of preload on the transmural distribution of diastolic coronary blood flow

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

AWARD ARTICLE: Microcirculatory Society Award for Excellence in Lymphatic ResearchTime Course of Myocardial Interstitial Edema Resolution and Associated Left Ventricular Dysfunction

AWARD ARTICLE: Microcirculatory Society Award for Excellence in Lymphatic ResearchTime Course of Myocardial Interstitial Edema Resolution and Associated Left Ventricular Dysfunction

Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 14‐15 February 1992, Bristol Meeting: Communications

Effects of coronary sinus pressure elevation on coronary blood flow distribution in dogs with normal preload

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About