Effect of preheating and preplaced filler wire on microstructure and toughness in laser-arc hybrid welding of thick steel

Bunaziv, Ivan; Langelandsvik, Geir; Ren, Xiaobo; Westermann, Ida; Rørvik, Gisle; Dørum, Cato; Danielsen, Morten Høgseth; Eriksson, Magnus

doi:10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.08.026

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Most of these cracks are most likely solidification cracking which forms within mushy zone. Therefore, microstructural improvement has limited or no effect on the cracking suppression [8]. In this work, a high resolution µCT scanner revealed thin and small solidification cracks developed at weld centerline in all deposited deep LAHW joints.…”

Section: Hardness and Internal Defects Of Weldsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Welds were made with an articulated robot. The setup used with nomenclature of LAHW can be retrieved from [8]. Constant welding parameters within this work are 15.0±2.5 mm filler wire stick-out, trailing arc position (laser is leading with a dragging angle), and laser-arc interdistance (DLA) was 4.0±0.5 mm.…”

Section: Equipment and Setup Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, higher heat input may provide lower hardness in the root because it is directly correlated with the cooling rate [8]. According to Bunaziv et al [8], deep and narrow welds with 0.8 m/min welding speeds and 15 kW laser power, provided cooling time from 800℃ to 500℃ of 0.5-1.0 sec, thus brittle microstructures were formed. The next experiment with increased WFR from 10 to 14 m/min, provided no increase in penetration depths but underfill was reduced.…”

Section: Initial Welding Trials and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparative study of laser-arc hybrid welding with arc welding for fabrication of offshore substructures

Bunaziv,

Ren,

Olden

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Laser-arc hybrid welding (LAHW) is an efficient and promising joining method for offshore structures made from metallic alloys. Under a high-power laser output, a keyhole is formed that efficiently melts a metal and provides high penetration depths compared to shallow and wide welds made by conventional arc welding, thus it requires much less time for production. A significant reduction in welding time leads to a substantial reduction of welding consumables and electricity use. Higher gap bridging ability can be achieved and tolerances for plate preparation is reduced when an arc is added to a laser beam. This work explicitly presents and compares different welding methods and their efficiency in application for offshore windmill substructures. According to a preliminary calculation, LAHW may reduce welding time by 10–20 times depending on process parameters and up to 15 times lower consumables usage. It was identified that the highest costs in welding is the filler wire followed by a shielding gas and electricity. This leads to high efficiency of LAHW in term of sustainability and reduction of CO2 emissions in general compared to well-established arc welding. However, the narrow and deep welds made by LAHW may suffer from high hardness in the root area, inhomogeneous filler metal mixing, which may lead to poor microstructure, cracking and porosity. This requires an extensive research work on the process optimization and understanding the underlying physics to provide sound welds which must comply with the international standards.

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Section: Hardness and Internal Defects Of Weldsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Equipment and Setup Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial Welding Trials and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A comparative study of laser-arc hybrid welding with arc welding for fabrication of offshore substructures

Bunaziv,

Ren,

Olden

2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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show abstract

“…To improve the manufacturing efficiency, efficient and stable welding technology is very important for the manufacturing of medium-thickness steel plates. Laser–arc hybrid welding (LAHW) technology has broad prospects in the manufacture of medium-thickness steel plates, owing to advantages such as its fast welding speed, deep penetration, and high process stability [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. During the welding process, welding residual stress (RS) is inevitably generated due to local rapid heating and cooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Solid-State Phase Transformation and Transverse Restraint on Residual Stress Distribution in Laser–Arc Hybrid Welding Joint of Q345 Steel

Feng,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Materials

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A Q345 steel butt-welded joint was manufactured using laser–arc hybrid welding (LAHW) technology, and its microstructure, microhardness, and residual stress (RS) distribution were measured. Using ABAQUS software, a sequentially coupled thermo-metallurgical-mechanical finite element method was employed to model the welding RS distribution in the LAHW joint made of Q345 steel. The effects of solid-state phase transformation (SSPT) and transverse restraint on the welding RS distribution were explored. The results show that a large number of martensite phase transformations occurred in the fusion zone and heat-affected zone of the LAHW joint. Furthermore, the SSPT had a significant effect on the magnitude and distribution of RS in the LAHW joint made of Q345 steel, which must be taken into account in numerical simulations. Transverse restraints markedly increased the transverse RS on the upper surface, with a comparatively minor impact on the longitudinal RS distribution. After the transverse restraint was released, both the longitudinal and transverse RS distributions in the LAHW joint reverted to a level akin to that of the welded joint under free conditions.

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“…This method combines the advantages of the large penetration capacity of laser welding and the strong gap adaptability of arc welding [ 12 ]. At the same time, the filler metal of fusion electrode wire can promote the smooth transition of the welding seam, improve the gap lap ability, reduce the difficulty of workpiece assembly, and effectively improve the welding speed [ 13 ]. Zhu et al [ 14 ] studied the double-sided laser-MIG (metal-inert gas) welding of SA553 cryogenic steel and investigated the micro-hardness and impact roughness of the welded joint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Process Parameters on the Formability, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Q355B Steel

et al. 2023

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Thick plate steel structure is widely used in the construction machinery, pressure vessels, ships, and other manufacturing fields. To obtain an acceptable welding quality and efficiency, thick plate steel is always joined by laser-arc hybrid welding technology. In this paper, Q355B steel with a thickness of 20 mm was taken as the research object, and the process of narrow-groove laser-arc hybrid welding was studied. The results showed that the laser-arc hybrid welding method could realize one-backing and two-filling welding with the single-groove angles of 8–12°. At different plate gaps of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, and 1.5 mm, the shapes of weld seams were satisfied with no undercut, blowhole, or other defects. The average tensile strength of welded joints was 486~493 MPa, and the fracture position was in the base metal area. Due to the high cooling rate, a large amount of lath martensite formed in heat-affected zone (HAZ) and this zone exhibited higher hardness values. The impact roughness of the welded joint was almost 66–74 J, with different groove angles.

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Effect of preheating and preplaced filler wire on microstructure and toughness in laser-arc hybrid welding of thick steel

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

A comparative study of laser-arc hybrid welding with arc welding for fabrication of offshore substructures

A comparative study of laser-arc hybrid welding with arc welding for fabrication of offshore substructures

Effect of Solid-State Phase Transformation and Transverse Restraint on Residual Stress Distribution in Laser–Arc Hybrid Welding Joint of Q345 Steel

Effect of Process Parameters on the Formability, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding of Q355B Steel

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