Effect of precursor dopant valence state on the photocatalytic performance of Mo3+- or Mo5+-Doped TiO2 thin films

Structural and Microstructural Effects of Mo3+/Mo5+ Codoping on Properties and Photocatalytic Performance of Nanostructured TiO2 Thin Films

“…The inconsistency with the surface roughnesses is likely to be due to the non-closest packing of the grains, where surface roughness is a measure of the depth of the grain boundary groove, which would differ when grains impinge on or are bordered by a pore/void. This has been observed in others …”

“…This has been observed in others. 31 UV−vis transmission spectra of the codoped TiO 2 thin films at different doping levels are shown in Figure 7 and indirect band gaps are shown in Table 6. All the samples are highly transparent (∼90%) and flat, smooth, and microstructurally homogeneous, as confirmed by the presence of interference fringes.…”

“…Jiang et al 30 reported that 0.10 wt % Mo 5+ -doped anatase thin film composites with conjugated polyvinyl alcohol exhibited optimal photocatalytic performance owing to recrystallization of the anatase and/or the modification of the semiconducting properties induced by Mo-doping. Cui et al 31 reported that 0.05 mol % Mo 3+ -doped or 0.05 mol % Mo 5+ -doped anatase thin films produced by sol−gel gave optimized photocatalytic performance owing to the synergistic effects of crystallinity, surface area, and band gap.…”

Design strategies for ceria nanomaterials: untangling key mechanistic concepts

“…7,55 Intervalence charge transfer (IVCT), involving electron exchange between dopant and matrix ions or between codopant ions, and multivalence charge transfer (MVCT), involving electron exchange between multiple-dopant ions and matrix ions, both without defect formation otherwise, represent underappreciated means of explaining valence changes. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69] Three types of colour centres (F 0 , F + , F ++ ) have been suggested by modelling 70 and validated experimentally for pure CeO 2Àx . 71 While, the latter were generated at room temperature, high-energy irradiation often is required to create the Schottky pairs that are involved in the generation of such F-centres.…”