Effect of preceding crop and nitrogen application on malting barley quality

O’Donovan, John T.; Izydorczyk, Marta S.; Tidemann, Breanne D.; Edney, M. J.; Turkington, T. K.; Grant, C. A.; Harker, K. Neil; Gan, Yantai

doi:10.1139/cjps-2016-0411

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There has been a significant amount of work done in western Canada and the midwestern US to measure the effects of various management factors on malt barley quality. Agronomic practices including fertility and seeding rate (McKenzie et al 2005;Edney et al 2012;O'Donovan et al 2012O'Donovan et al , 2015O'Donovan et al , 2017a, variety (Laidig et al 2014), and the effects of the previous crop (O'Donovan et al 2017b) have all been previously reported. In western Canada, seeding rate has been previously shown to influence tiller number as well as grain plumpness (McKenzie et al 2005;O'Donovan et al 2009O'Donovan et al , 2011O'Donovan et al , 2012O'Donovan et al , 2017a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cultural practices to improve malt barley quality in the northeast with focus on the craft sector

Mills

Izydorczyk²,

Choo

et al. 2021

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Demand is increasing for locally grown malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in northeastern North America driven primarily by growth in the craft beer sector. A multi-site experiment was conducted to evaluate how variety (V), seeding rate (S) and nitrogen fertilizer (N) affect malt quality in the northeast. Two barley varieties (Cerveza and Newdale), two seeding rates (200 and 400 seeds m-2), and five rates of actual applied nitrogen fertility (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1) were tested at Charlottetown, PE, Ithaca, NY, Princeville, QC, and New Liskeard and Ottawa, ON. Basic agronomic data were collected from all environments including yield, thousand kernel weight and hectoliter weight. Barley of suitable quality was micromalted and subjected to malt quality analysis. Both V and S resulted in small effects on malt quality, however N had the greatest effect on most measured variables. Increased rates of N application resulted in increased yield, hectoliter weight, and thousand kernel weight, but had a negative effect on most quality traits, especially with increased protein content, reduced fine extract, Kolbach Index and friability, and increased wort beta-glucans. This study shows that for most years at most sites, it is possible to achieve malt quality in the Northeast, however excessive protein and the prevalence of pre-harvest sprout damage are the main barriers. The results of this study have implications for increased malt barley production for the craft sector as well as potential access to commodity markets for northeastern producers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Cultural practices to improve malt barley quality in the northeast with focus on the craft sector

Mills

Izydorczyk²,

Choo

et al. 2021

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The effect of a previous legume crop on malting barley grain quality has been found to be variable. In several studies, planting barley after a legume crop did not result in an increase in malting barley grain protein (Turkington et al, 2012;Sainju et al, 2013;O'Donovan et al, 2014;O'Donovan et al, 2017). However, Nedel et al (1993) found that malting quality parameters, especially total malt protein and malt extract, were negatively affected when pea was the preceding crop and N application was >60 kg ha -1 .…”

Section: Cropping Sequencementioning

confidence: 98%

Agronomic Management of Malting Barley and Research Needs to Meet Demand by the Craft Brew Industry

Shrestha

Lindsey

2019

Agronomy Journal

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Core Ideas Agronomic management and environment affect malting barley yield and quality.Most agronomic guidelines are from the Northwest and Northern Rockies and Plains.Breweries in the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast want local grain.Research on cropping sequence, seeding date and rate, and N management is needed. Malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) requires agronomic management that maximizes grain yield while meeting quality standards. The majority of published literature on agronomic management of malting barley is from the US Northwest and Northern Rockies and Plains where barley is traditionally grown. However, the majority of craft breweries are located in the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast, creating a demand for locally sourced grain. The objectives of this review were to: (i) summarize the current body of knowledge regarding agronomic management of malting barley, and (ii) identify research needs in the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast. Across all regions, planting date and N management were major factors influencing grain yield and quality. Timely planting of malting barley generally improved yield and quality. Barley yield tended to increase with N application rate while quality decreased due to increased protein concentration. Planting malting barley following corn (Zea mays L.) or small grains resulted in disease problems that could affect grain quality and yield. In the Upper Midwest, Ohio Valley, and Northeast regions, the prospect of double crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production after winter malting barley should be investigated, in addition to typical cropping sequences. Agronomic strategies to mitigate the negative effects of late‐planting situations are also needed as these regions often have delayed planting due to wet soil conditions. Furthermore, N fertilizer management is much different in humid regions compared with the Northwest and Northern Rockies and Plains, and warrants future research on developing in‐season N management strategies.

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“…Previous studies from Croatia (Stipesevic et al, 2007) and Canada (O'Donovan et al, 2014(O'Donovan et al, , 2017Williams et al, 2014), which investigated the interaction of previous legume crops and N fertilizer rates on barley grain yield and malting quality, have reported mixed results, with lower N rate effects being overshadowed by the residual N from the previous crops, allowing for reduced N fertilizer inputs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is plausible that the slow mineralization of plant‐N from the soybean and sunn hemp residue may be easier to manage grain yields that do not increase grain protein above desirable levels for malting (Peoples & Craswell, 1992), and growing barley following a legume crop in an extended crop rotation is recommended for the benefit of residual N (McFarland et al, 2014). Previous studies from Croatia (Stipesevic et al, 2007) and Canada (O'Donovan et al, 2014, 2017; Williams et al, 2014), which investigated the interaction of previous legume crops and N fertilizer rates on barley grain yield and malting quality, have reported mixed results, with lower N rate effects being overshadowed by the residual N from the previous crops, allowing for reduced N fertilizer inputs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous legume crop influences winter barley yield, N fertilizer response, and malting quality in Missouri

2023

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The rapid growth in the craft brewing industry is increasing the demand for winter barley production. Little recent research exists on producing winter barley for malting in the lower Midwestern United States, with a lack of understanding how previous legumes crops grown in rotation with winter barley interact with nitrogen (N) fertilization rates to affect grain yield and malting quality. To investigate these topics, a preliminary, 1‐year study was conducted in Missouri, USA, to test how growing soybean, a common rotational crop, and sunn hemp, a specialty forage crop, prior to winter barley, as well as two fall N fertilization rates (22.4 and 44.8 kg N ha−1), affected barley grain yield. Barley grain yield was unaffected by the previous legume crop choice or the fall N fertilization rate, suggesting that either crop provided adequate residual N to the succeeding barley crop. Additionally, malting quality was analyzed from representative grain samples to reveal adequate levels suitable for use in the craft brewing industry. This study's results reveal preliminary data supporting winter barley production in the lower Midwestern United States, with an indication that previously grown legume crops impact crop yield greater than fall N fertilizer rate.

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Effect of preceding crop and nitrogen application on malting barley quality

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Cultural practices to improve malt barley quality in the northeast with focus on the craft sector

Cultural practices to improve malt barley quality in the northeast with focus on the craft sector

Agronomic Management of Malting Barley and Research Needs to Meet Demand by the Craft Brew Industry

Previous legume crop influences winter barley yield, N fertilizer response, and malting quality in Missouri

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