Effect of Pre-flocculation of Lime Mud CaCO3 Filler on AKD Sizing Efficiency

Peng, Yuan; He, Beihai; Zhao, Lihong; Zhao, Guanglei

doi:10.15376/biores.9.4.5976-5987

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The pulp fiber yield, compared to the used wood, amounts to 40–60% in the Kraft process, while the obtained pulp fibers are barely damaged. The Kraft process is an economical and energy‐saving process, as the extracted lignin can be burned immediately afterwards for the generation of required energy, and, the pulping chemicals can be retrieved and reused …”

Section: Design and Manufacturing Of Highly Filled Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrophobic coatings help to make papers more waterproof which is the functional purpose of sizing agents. Therefore, precoating the filler particles and increasing the filler content can reduce the need for sizing agents . Besides improving the adherence of micrometer‐sized filler particles to the outside of pulp fibers by the precoating, filler nano‐particles can be pre‐mixed with pure pulp fibers during beating.…”

Section: Design and Manufacturing Of Highly Filled Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Filled Papers, on their Manufacturing, Processing, and Applications

et al. 2019

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Since more than a decade ago, the research on highly filled papers, as well as paper-derived inorganic materials, has greatly intensified. As presented in this review, highly filled papers as preforms allow for the design of porous or dense, multilayered, and geometrically complex structures. These paperderived ceramic-or metal-based materials are generated by the heattreatment of highly filled papers. Paper-derived materials are potential materials of choice for applications in transportation, energy-generation, environmental conservation, support structures, medical uses, and electronic components. Due to the adjustability of the filler content and the good machinability of highly filled papers, paper-derived sheets or multilayers may include intricate structures and tailored gradients in phase structure or porosity. Paper-derived multilayers also may contain cast ceramic tapes or other functionalized layers, as presented in some examples. Computer-aided manufacturing processes for paper-derived materials can be supplemented by prediction models for the sintering shrinkage in order to identify optimal post-processing steps, stacking orders and orientations for highly filled paper layers within multilayer green bodies. The accuracy of established component-level sintering models can be significantly increased by microstructure models of the highly filled paper. ParameterName Unit α Mismatch parameter for fiber cross-sections, Equation (5) Dimensionless α p Layer position in viscoelastic paper structure model, Equation (2) Dimensionless A 0 Initial amplitude of perturbation, Equations (15) 10 À6 m A(f) Parameter for evolution of instantaneous carbon conversion rate, Equation (7) Dimensionless A diff Source controlled diffusion parameter, Equations (9) 10 À7 N A match Modeling parameter, Equations (8) Dimensionless a Inter-particle contact-area radius, Equations (19) 10 À8 m a Local average pore area, Equation (4) 10 À6 m 2 b Pore geometry constant, Equation (20) Dimensionless ß evo , m evo Empirical constants for grain evolution in SOVS model, Equation (8) Dimensionless ß r(c)p Proportionality constant for bimodal packing fraction determination, Equation (18) Dimensionless C Modeling constant for debindering pressure calculation, Equation (7) 10 À6 (m 2 Á s)/K C 1 , C 2 , C 3 , C 4 , C 5 Parameters in the Riedel model that are determined by the dihedral angle, Equations (9) Dimensionless c glue Heat capacity of the adhesive layers, Equation (3) 10 À6 s c L , c s Volume fraction of larger-sized/smaller-sized particles in a multimodal mixture of particles, Equation (17)and (18) 10 0 vol% c vol Volume concentration of pulp fibers, Equation (4) 10 0 vol% γ, γ 0 Strain relaxation rate of calendered paper with initial value, Equation (2) Dimensionless γ B Grain boundary energy density, Equation (13) 10 0 J m À2 γ b Specific energy for grain boundary diffusion, Equation (9) 10 3 J mol À1 γ S Material surface energy, Equation (8, 11, and 13) 10 0 J m À2 Δ Half of the inter-particle boundary thickness, Equation (19) 10 À8...

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Section: Design and Manufacturing Of Highly Filled Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design and Manufacturing Of Highly Filled Papersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Filled Papers, on their Manufacturing, Processing, and Applications

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, it can be concluded that AKD might play an important role in the swelling properties or hornification of fiber. In recent years, many research results about the hydrophobic interaction of AKD on original fibers have been published [12,13]. In general, it is believed that AKD reacts with cellulose fiber and forms a β-keto ester bond, hence making paper hydrophobic [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of AKD Sizing on the Morphology and Pore Distribution Properties of OCC Fibers

Chen

Yang²,

et al. 2019

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Changes of the morphology and pore structure of old corrugated container (OCC) fibers during an alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) sizing process were studied. The resulting samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), contact angle, and BET surface area analysis. The length of fibers had obvious influence on the AKD sizing effect, and the length of fibers ranged from 100 to 200 meshes showed the best sizing performance. The surface roughness of 0.3% AKD sizing OCC fibers decreased from 27.949 nm to 12.811 nm. Compared with the control sample, the pore volume of fibers sized with 0.1% AKD decreased 4.3% when the average pore diameter was fixed at 2.4~3.0 nm. And when the usage of AKD increased to 0.3% and 0.5%, the pore volume decreased 1.4% and 6.3% accordingly. The decrease in the pore volume of AKD-sized fiber indicated the penetration and deposition of dispersed particles of AKD in the fiber lumens.

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“…ImE sludge is a kind of by-product in the alkali recovery from pulping process of paper industry [1,2]. the main component of lime sludge is calcium carbonate and it also contains a small amount of residual metal compounds and alkali.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the results showed that both the paper water resistance and lime sludge retention were highly controlled by the added CPAM [11]. CPAM was used to preflocculate lime sludge and AKD, which was proved to be effective in improving the sizing efficiency [2]. In general, much effort has been devoted to the cPCC filling system.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic Effect of Cationic Polymers on Water Repellency of Cellulosic Fiber Network Paper Filled with Waste Lime Sludge

Wang¹,

He²,

Zhao³

et al. 2017

JRST

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Lime sludge is commonly generated from the pulping waste liquor in alkali recovery of paper industry. It would cause a significant decrease in the alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) sizing efficiency as used to be the filler for cellulosic fiber networks paper. In the present work, Polyamide-Polyamine-Epichlorohydrin (PAE), Polyetherimide (PEI) and chitosan were used as sizing promoters for addressing the above issue. Results showed that the sizing degree of paper filled with 26% lime sludge could be increased by 83.4%, 68.9% and 49.7%, respectively, at the optimal dosage of PAE, PEI and chitosan. Curing time and curing temperature also had significant impacts on the efficiency of the three sizing promoters. All the three sizing promoters could remove the anionic trash in the wet end. Moreover, PAE could promote the reaction between AKD particles and cellulosic fibers.

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Effect of Pre-flocculation of Lime Mud CaCO3 Filler on AKD Sizing Efficiency

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Highly Filled Papers, on their Manufacturing, Processing, and Applications

Highly Filled Papers, on their Manufacturing, Processing, and Applications

Effects of AKD Sizing on the Morphology and Pore Distribution Properties of OCC Fibers

Synergetic Effect of Cationic Polymers on Water Repellency of Cellulosic Fiber Network Paper Filled with Waste Lime Sludge

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