Effect of Pre-Conception Coenzyme Q10 and L-Carnitine Treatments on Ovulatory Response, Genital Characteristics and in vitro Embryo Characteristics in Rabbits

Role of L-carnitine in female infertility

“… This improvement was increased with increasing LC level compared with the hens fed 1 g ascorbic acid /kg diet alone and the control group at the end of the experimental period. [ 87 ] CoQ10 and LC co-treatment in ovulatory response in rabbits 10 mg/kg CoQ10 + 40 mg/kg LC for 21 days New Zealand White female rabbits of 5.3 months old Higher ovulate rate, number of follicles, corpus luteum and increased number of embryos [ 85 ] LC and vegetable oil supplementation in broiler breeder fertility 60 ppm (females), 500 ppm (males) – In 5th and 6th week, egg production is increased with more cholesterol in egg yolk [ 44 ] Dietary LC and choline chloride on reproductive indices in Holstein Dairy Cattle 50 g/day From 1-week pre-calving to 4-weeks after parturition Decreased SCC and improved other immune indices [ 21 ] Both LC and ALC supplementations on ovulation and oocyte quality in CD1 mice 0.4 mg LC and 0.12 mg ALC/mouse/day for 3 weeks Female CD1 mice of 8 weeks old Decreased percentage of oocyte degeneration with more developing oocytes [ 47 ] NAC and LC on prevention of oocyte damage in women with mild endometriosis 1.5 mM of NAC with 0.6 mg/mL LC in follicular fluid In follicular fluid sample from infertile women with endometriosis aged less than 38 years who underwent ICSI and induced in bovine oocytes LC and NAC combination prevented oocyte damage in mild endometriosis [ 84 ] Effect of oral antioxidant and LC combination on IVF-ICSI outcomes Vitamin C (180 mg), vitamin E (30 mg), zinc (15 mg), selenium (50 mg), LC tartarate (400 mg), folic acid (200 μg) and CoQ 10 (40 mg) for 2 to 5 months at a daily dose of 2 capsules Semen was taken for IVF and ICSI • Enhanced semen quality • Improved sperm DNA integrity, fertilization rate, pregnancy rate, implantation rate, embryo quality as well as blastocyst development rate [ 88 ] LC plus ALC on neuroendocrine control of hypothalamic functions in FHA LC fumerate (863 mg), ALC (250 mg), vitamin-C (90 mg), N-acetyl cysteine (50 mg), vitamin E (30 mg), iron (7 mg), pantothenic acid (6 mg), zinc (5 mg), vitamin B6 (2 mg), copper (0.5 mg), β-carotene (4.8 mg), folic acid (200 μg), vitamin-D3 (5 μg), selenium (27.5 μg), vitamin B12 (2.5 μg) 27 patients (aged 26.5 ± 2 years) with FHA for the last 6 months were subdivided into 2 groups: ...…”

“…In 2015, Abdel-Khalek et al reported that coenzyme Q10 (10 mg/kg) and LC (40 mg/kg) for 21 days improved ovulatory response in rabbits, as well as embryo recovery and embryo vitrification in in vitro study [ 85 ]. Lastly, Virmani et al (2015) combined both LC (0.4 mg/mouse) and ALC (0.12 mg/mouse) with micronutrients like zinc (4 ng/mouse), copper (0.8 ng/mouse) and iron (7 ng/mouse) and treated mice for 3 weeks daily to check the ovulation rate and oocyte quality.…”

Development of Embryos Recovered From Doe Rabbits Treated With Green Tea Extract and Cultured Under High Thermal Conditions in Vitro

“…Several authors indicated beneficial effects of in vivo antioxidant treatment of females on embryo quality. In rabbits, Abdel-Khalek et al (2016) showed that daily oral administration of doe rabbits with Coenzyme Q10 or L-Carnitine as antioxidants can improve quality of recovered embryos. In human, dietary supplementation with Coenzyme Q10 may improve embryo quality (Bentov et al, 2010 andScott, 2013).…”

“…These findings may indicate direct and indirect relationships between hyperthermia and oxidative stress during the development of embryos. Therefore, antioxidant administration to control the intra-or extra-cellular redox status (both in vivo and in vitro) may be a way to decrease heat stress related oxidative stress to improve quality and developmental competence of embryos (Abdel-Khalek et al, 2016 andTakahashi, 2012).…”

Supplementation with L-Carnitine improves uterine receptivity in women with prior implantation failure during frozen embryos transfer: A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial

“…In-vitro studies showed that adding carnitine to culture media improves oocyte quality, maturation and embryo development [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . Animal studies showed that the combination of carnitine and other nutrient supplementation improves reproductive parameters [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . Investigators of female subfertility found that carnitine supplementation in human female with polycystic ovarian syndrome (POCS) improves general and mental health parameters as well as it improves OS biomarkers and decreases lipid peroxidation [28] .…”