Effect of Power-Training Intensity on the Contribution of Force and Velocity to Peak Power in Older Adults

Vos, N. J. de; Singh, Nalin; Ross, Dale A.; Stavrinos, Theodora M.; Orr, Rhonda; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone

doi:10.1123/japa.16.4.393

Cited by 57 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…20 It is plausible that a lower extremity resistance training program may result in greater improvement in lower extremity function as evident in older adults without dementia. 21 The dropout rate of 27.3% in our study is comparable to that of 0% to 37% in their age cohorts without dementia. 9 It was clear that 7 of the 8 participants really enjoyed their cycling (eg, stating they liked it and kept returning).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Maintaining Physical Fitness and Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

Savik

Wyman

2011

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

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Background Little is known about how aerobic exercise affects physical functioning in persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods This pilot study used a 1-group repeated measures design to examine the feasibility and impact of a 6-month individualized moderate intensity cycling intervention on cardiorespiratory fitness and lower extremity function in 8 participants aged 81.4 ± 3.58. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured using the shuttle walk and modified YMCA cycle ergometer tests, and lower extremity function was measured using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Results The YMCA test showed a significant reduction in heart rate at stage 2 (103.4 vs 90.9 vs 91.6; P = .01), while no significant changes were observed in the shuttle walk and SPPB tests. Conclusions Persons with AD are able to improve cardiorespiratory conditioning from aerobic exercise. Randomized, controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings. Implications for future research are detailed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Maintaining Physical Fitness and Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

Savik

Wyman

2011

Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen

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“…With the data obtained from this review, we cannot answer the question about optimal exercise load. There is one study (which we excluded because all groups had high movement velocity) that compared different exercise loads with high velocity [35][36][37]. There were differential effects on different outcomes, for example, balance improved most with low exercise load [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is power training or conventional resistance training better for function in elderly persons? A meta-analysis

Tschopp¹,

2011

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Objective: to determine the effects of power training with high movement velocity compared with conventional resistance training with low movement velocity for older community-dwelling people. Design: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Data sources: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and Scholar-Google. Trials: all randomised or quasi-randomised trials investigating power training with high movement velocity versus conventional resistance training with low movement velocity in elderly persons over the age of 60 years. The primary outcomes were measures of functional outcomes; secondary outcomes were balance, gait, strength, power, muscle volume and adverse effects. Results: eleven trials were identified involving 377 subjects. The pooled effect size for the follow-up values of the functional outcomes was 0.32 in favour of the power training (95% CI 0.06 to 0.57) and 0.38 (95% CI −0.51 to 1.28) for the change value. The pooled effect from three studies for self-reported function was 0.16 in favour of power training (95% CI −0.17 to 0.49). Conclusion: power training is feasible for elderly persons and has a small advantage over strength training for functional outcomes. No firm conclusion can be made for safety.

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“…The Borg Scale (25) was used to assist in evaluating when 1RM was reached. Peak muscle power was obtained at 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, and 90% of the 1RM approximately 30 minutes after 1RM testing (26,27). Participants were instructed to exert "as fast as possible" at each relative percentage of the 1RM.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of high‐speed power training on muscle performance, function, and pain in older adults with knee osteoarthritis: A pilot investigation

Sayers¹,

Gibson²,

Cook³

2011

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To examine the effect of high-speed power training (HSPT) on muscle performance, mobility-based function, and pain in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Methods. Thirty-three participants (mean ؎ SD age 67.6 ؎ 6.8 years) were randomized to HSPT (n ‫؍‬ 12), slow-speed strength training (SSST; n ‫؍‬ 10), or control (CON; n ‫؍‬ 11) for a 12-week intervention. HSPT performed 3 sets of 12-14 repetitions at 40% of the 1-repetition maximum (1RM) "as fast as possible," SSST performed 3 sets of 8 -10 repetitions at 80% of the 1RM slowly, and CON performed stretching and warm-up exercises. Outcome measures included leg press (LP) 1RM and LP peak power (PP) from 40 -90% of the 1RM and the corresponding PP velocity (PPV) and PP force; 400-meter walk, Berg Balance Scale, and timed chair rise; and self-reported function and pain using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Analysis of variance models were used to compare changes from baseline to 12 weeks. Statistical significance was accepted at P < 0.05. Results. LP PP improved in both HSPT and SSST compared to CON (P ‫؍‬ 0.04). LP PPV improved only in HSPT (P ‫؍‬ 0.01).There were also improvements in timed chair rise (P ‫؍‬ 0.002), WOMAC function (P ‫؍‬ 0.004), and WOMAC pain (P ‫؍‬ 0.02) across all of the groups. Conclusion. HSPT was effective at improving function and pain, but no more so than either SSST or CON. Because HSPT improved multiple muscle performance measures (strength, power, and speed), it is a more effective resistance training protocol than SSST and may increase safety in this population, especially when high-speed movements are required during daily tasks.

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Effect of Power-Training Intensity on the Contribution of Force and Velocity to Peak Power in Older Adults

Cited by 57 publications

References 39 publications

Maintaining Physical Fitness and Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

Maintaining Physical Fitness and Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

Is power training or conventional resistance training better for function in elderly persons? A meta-analysis

Effect of high‐speed power training on muscle performance, function, and pain in older adults with knee osteoarthritis: A pilot investigation

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