Effect of potato starch coating containing selected amino acids to prevent the formation of PhIP in pan‐fried chicken breast

Abstract

The effects of potato starch (PS) coating containing amino acids (AAs) on the formation of 2‐amino‐1‐methyl‐6‐phenylimidazo [4,5‐b] pyridine (PhIP) in chicken breasts were evaluated. PhIP is classified as a Group 2B carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The 5% (w/w) gelatinized PS coating solution was incorporated with tryptophan (Trp) or lysine (Lys) at 0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% (w/w of the coating solution) concentrations. Chicken breast cuts with the same dimensions (5 × 2 × 1.5 cm) were dipped in the PS coating solution for 15 min before frying. After frying the chicken at 195°C for 7.5 min on each side, PhIP levels, color, cooking loss, tenderness, and texture profile assay were evaluated. The average PhIP concentration was decreased from 92.62 ng/g for the control chicken breast without coating to 6.30 ng/g (0.25% Lys), 6.76 ng/g (0.5% Lys), and 11.98 ng/g (0.75% Lys), accounting for an 89%–92% reduction in PhIP levels compared to the controls. However, dipping in Trp‐containing PS coating had a significantly lower (p < 0.05) PhIP reduction effect (34%–67%). There was no significant difference in cooking loss percentage, tenderness, texture profile parameters, and color parameters of PS‐coated chicken. Triangle test results showed that consumers did not detect a significant difference in the PS‐coated chicken breasts (p < 0.001). Overall, this study suggests that the application of PS‐based coatings incorporated with AAs on chicken breast reduces the PhIP formation.

Effect of Immersion Time of Chicken Breast in Potato Starch Coating Containing Lysine on PhIP Levels

“…After cooling the solution at room temperature, 2 g/100 g (w/w, on a dry basis of the weight of starch) GLY (plasticizer) and 0.25 g Lys (w/v of the solution) were added to the solution and the resulting dispersion was mixed for 5 min. The selection of concentrations was based on the results of a previous study by authors [15]. A coating solution without AA was used for comparison.…”