Effect of post-rinsing time on the mechanical strength and cytotoxicity of a 3D printed orthodontic splint material

Xu, Yaqing; Xepapadeas, Alexander B.; Koos, Bernd; Geis‐Gerstorfer, Jürgen; Li, Ping; Spintzyk, Sebastian

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2021.01.016

Cited by 44 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This can be explained by an increase in the washing time increasing the removal of uncured monomers from the surface, leading to increased cell viability. Xu and colleagues reported that 5 min of ultrasonic washing with IPA increased cell viability, while increasing the washing time beyond 5 min did not further improve the cell viability [40]. Contrary to our study, it appears that the use of ultrasonic cleaners can rapidly increase cell viability.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Xu and colleagues similarly found no difference in flexural strength for washing times of 5 to 60 min [40]. However, those authors found that the flexural strength decreased after washing for more than 12 h, suggesting that prolonged washing affects the flexural strength due to the solvent molecules penetrating from the surface into the resin matrix, causing the polymer network to relax [40]. Our analysis of the flexural strength according to the use of different washing solutions revealed that the flexural strength was significantly higher in the IPA washing group than in the TPM washing group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of the Washing Time and Washing Solution on the Biocompatibility and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Dental Resin Materials

Hwangbo

Nam

et al. 2021

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is highly regarded in the field of dentistry. Three-dimensional printed resin restorations must undergo a washing process to remove residual resin on the surface after they have been manufactured. However, the effect of the use of different washing solutions and washing times on the biocompatibility of the resulting resin restorations is unclear. Therefore, we prepared 3D-printed denture teeth and crown and bridge resin, and then washed them with two washing solutions (isopropyl alcohol and tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether) using different time points (3, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, and 90 min). After this, the cell viability, cytotoxicity, and status of human gingival fibroblasts were evaluated using confocal laser scanning. We also analyzed the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and surface SEM imaging. Increasing the washing time increased the cell viability and decreased the cytotoxicity (p < 0.001). Confocal laser scanning showed distinct differences in the morphology and number of fibroblasts. Increasing the washing time did not significantly affect the flexural strength and surface, but the flexural modulus of the 90 min washing group was 1.01 ± 0.21 GPa (mean ± standard deviation), which was lower than that of all the other groups and decreased as the washing time increased. This study confirmed that the washing time affected the biocompatibility and mechanical properties of 3D printed dental resins.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of the Washing Time and Washing Solution on the Biocompatibility and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Dental Resin Materials

Hwangbo

Nam

et al. 2021

Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Another factor that might have influenced the accuracy of vat polymerized parts are the post-processing protocols. They can influence different material characteristics, such as biocompatibility, mechanical properties and even accuracy [ 35 ]. During washing, the objective is to remove unreacted resin from the part’s surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accuracy Evaluation of Additively and Subtractively Fabricated Palatal Plate Orthodontic Appliances for Newborns and Infants–An In Vitro Study

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Different approaches for digital workflows have already been presented for their use in palatal plates for newborns and infants. However, there is no evidence on the accuracy of CAD/CAM manufactured orthodontic appliances for this kind of application. This study evaluates trueness and precision provided by different CAM technologies and materials for these appliances. Samples of a standard palatal stimulation plate were manufactured using stereolithography (SLA), direct light processing (DLP) and subtractive manufacturing (SM). The effect of material (for SM) and layer thickness (for DLP) were also investigated. Specimens were digitized with a laboratory scanner (D2000, 3Shape) and analyzed with a 3D inspection software (Geomagic Control X, 3D systems). For quantitative analysis, differences between 3D datasets were measured using root mean square (RMS) error values for trueness and precision. For qualitative analysis, color maps were generated to detect locations of deviations within each sample. SM showed higher trueness and precision than AM technologies. Reducing layer thickness in DLP did not significantly increase accuracy, but prolonged manufacturing time. All materials and technologies met the clinically acceptable range and are appropriate for their use. DLP with 100 µm layer thickness showed the highest efficiency, obtaining high trueness and precision within the lowest manufacturing time.

show abstract

“…Extraction studies in an organic solvent were also conducted to measure leachable components. Overall, the results showed that the degree of conversion for all composites prepared with U-(bis-GMA)-Mod and U-(GDMA)-Mod was lower than for those prepared with bis-GMA for diluent monomers triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and bisphenol A-glycidyl ethylacrylate (bis-EMA) by 6–9% on average, most probably due to the weaker hydrogen bond formation between N and H atoms in the urethane group, which presents a lower energy [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. A comparison was also drawn between the newly synthesized monomers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Current Trends of Polymers in Orthodontics: BPA-Free and Smart Materials

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymeric materials have always established an edge over other classes of materials due to their potential applications in various fields of biomedical engineering. Orthodontics is an emerging field in which polymers have attracted the enormous attention of researchers. In particular, thermoplastic materials have a great future utility in orthodontics, both as aligners and as retainer appliances. In recent years, the use of polycarbonate brackets and base monomers bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (bis-GMA) has been associated with the potential release of bisphenol A (BPA) in the oral environment. BPA is a toxic compound that acts as an endocrine disruptor that can affect human health. Therefore, there is a continuous search for non-BPA materials with satisfactory mechanical properties and an esthetic appearance as an alternative to polycarbonate brackets and conventional bis-GMA compounds. This study aims to review the recent developments of BPA-free monomers in the application of resin dental composites and adhesives. The most promising polymeric smart materials are also discussed for their relevance to future orthodontic applications.

show abstract

Effect of post-rinsing time on the mechanical strength and cytotoxicity of a 3D printed orthodontic splint material

Cited by 44 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of the Washing Time and Washing Solution on the Biocompatibility and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Dental Resin Materials

Effects of the Washing Time and Washing Solution on the Biocompatibility and Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Dental Resin Materials

Accuracy Evaluation of Additively and Subtractively Fabricated Palatal Plate Orthodontic Appliances for Newborns and Infants–An In Vitro Study

A Review on Current Trends of Polymers in Orthodontics: BPA-Free and Smart Materials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About