Effect of Porosity on the Stiffness of Cast Steel

Hardin, Richard A.; Beckermann, C.

doi:10.1007/s11661-007-9390-4

Cited by 94 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Most notable research is on the fracture mechanics of microplasticity models of fatigue and failure to incorporate effects of inclusions, microporosity, macroporosity, and microstructure to cast aluminium alloy components [22]. The pores are large enough to be seen even with the naked eyes on some specimen as observed in Figures 7-9.…”

Section: Variation Of Pouring Temperatures and Sand Permeability On Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Moulding Sand Permeability and Pouring Temperatures on Properties of Cast 6061 Aluminium Alloy

Ajibola

Oloruntoba

Adewuyi

2015

International Journal of Metals

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Effects of moulding sand permeabilities prepared from the combinations of four proportions of coarse and fine particle size mixtures and pouring temperatures varied from 700, 750, and 800 (±10 ∘ C) were studied on the hardness, porosity, strength, and microstructure of cast aluminium pistons used in hydraulic brake master cylinder. Three sand moulds were prepared from each of the 80 : 20, 60 : 40, 40 : 60, and 20 : 80 ratios. The surfaces and microstructures of cast samples were examined using high resolution microscopic camera, metallurgical microscope with digital camera, and scanning electron microscope with EDX facilities. The best of the metallurgical properties were obtained from the combination of 80 : 20 coarse-fine sand ratio and 750 ± 10 ∘ C pouring temperature using as MgFeSi inoculant. An 8 : 25 ratio of coarse to fine grained eutectic aluminium alloy was obtained with enhanced metallographic properties. The cast alloy poured at 750 ± 1 ∘ C has a large number of fine grain formations assuming broom-resembling structures as shown in the 100 m size SEM image.

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Section: Variation Of Pouring Temperatures and Sand Permeability On Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Moulding Sand Permeability and Pouring Temperatures on Properties of Cast 6061 Aluminium Alloy

Ajibola

Oloruntoba

Adewuyi

2015

International Journal of Metals

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“…The present study extends our recently developed method of modeling the effects of porosity on stiffness and stress redistribution [1] to the prediction of the fatigue life of steel castings containing porosity. For ease of use in standard design practice, commonly used commercial software is employed in the present stress and fatigue life simulations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…[19] These variations can only be attributed to the different amounts and distributions of porosity within the specimens. The fatigue tests and the tomographic reconstruction of the porosity fields in the specimens [1] are briefly reviewed in Section II. In Section III, the procedures and results of the fatigue life simulations are presented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Section III, the procedures and results of the fatigue life simulations are presented. An FEA is performed to determine the complex stress field resulting from the porosity; [1] multiaxial strain-life analysis is used to compute the fatigue life distribution in the specimens. The strain-life approach is adopted here, because the preliminary calculations in Reference 19 revealed that LEFM does not predict the measured fatigue lives of the specimens.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prediction of the Fatigue Life of Cast Steel Containing Shrinkage Porosity

Hardin

Beckermann

2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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A simulation methodology for predicting the fatigue life of cast steel components with shrinkage porosity is developed and validated through comparison with previously performed measurements. A X-ray tomography technique is used to reconstruct the porosity distribution in 25 test specimens with average porosities ranging from 8 to 21 pct. The porosity field is imported into finite element analysis (FEA) software to determine the complex stress field resulting from the porosity. In the stress simulation, the elastic mechanical properties are made a function of the local porosity volume fraction. A multiaxial strain-life simulation is then performed to determine the fatigue life. An adaptive subgrid model is developed to reduce the dependence of the fatigue life predictions on the numerical mesh chosen and to account for the effects of porosity that is too small to be resolved in the simulations. The subgrid model employs a spatially variable fatigue notch factor that is dependent on the local pore radius relative to the finite element node spacing. A probabilistic pore size distribution model is used to estimate the radius of the largest pore as a function of the local pore volume fraction. It is found that, with the adaptive subgrid model and the addition of a uniform background microporosity field with a maximum pore radius of 100 lm, the measured and predicted fatigue lives for nearly all 25 test specimens fall within one decade. Because the fatigue lives of the specimens vary by more than four orders of magnitude for the same nominal stress amplitude and for similar average porosity fractions, the results demonstrate the importance of taking into account in the simulations the distribution of the porosity in the specimens.

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“…Hardin and Beckermann [33] demonstrated an apparent reduction in elastic moduli of components due to the presence of pores. Increase in porosity also decreases the fatigue strengths, hardness, facture toughness and elongation (%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reciprocating Wear Behavior of Al Alloys: Effect of Porosity and Normal Load

Sinha¹,

Islam²,

Farhat³

2015

Int J Metall Mater Eng

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Aluminum alloys are attractive for critical applications such as pistons, clutch housings and liners in automotive industry for their high strength to weight ratio, high corrosion resistance and good heat conductivity. These alloys can be fabricated using casting and powder metallurgy techniques in which porosity is a common feature. The presences of pores adversely affect the mechanical properties and wear resistance of these components. Not only the total area percentage of porosity influences the degradation in properties but also size, shape and interconnectivity of pores play an important role. In this study, aluminum alloys were produced using powder metallurgy technique. The amount of porosity was varied by varying compaction pressure and amount of wax added before compaction. Reciprocating wear tests (ball-on-flat configuration) were performed against AISI 52100 bearing steel ball under both low (1.5-5N) and high (6-20N) loads. Scanning electron microscopy was employed in order to identify possible wear mechanisms. Both detrimental and beneficial effects of porosity under different loading conditions were observed. An attempt has been made to develop a relationship between pore size and distribution and wear behavior of aluminum alloys.

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Effect of Porosity on the Stiffness of Cast Steel

Cited by 94 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of Moulding Sand Permeability and Pouring Temperatures on Properties of Cast 6061 Aluminium Alloy

Effects of Moulding Sand Permeability and Pouring Temperatures on Properties of Cast 6061 Aluminium Alloy

Prediction of the Fatigue Life of Cast Steel Containing Shrinkage Porosity

Reciprocating Wear Behavior of Al Alloys: Effect of Porosity and Normal Load

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