Effect of Polyols and Selected Dental Materials on the Ability to Create a Cariogenic Biofilm–On Children Caries-Associated Streptococcus Mutans Isolates

Abstract

Secondary caries is a disease associated with the formation of biofilm on the border of the tooth and dental filling. Its development is strongly influenced by the dietary sweet foods and the type of dental material. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of sweeteners on the ability of clinical Streptococcus mutans strains to form biofilm on dental materials. Strains were isolated from plaque samples from 40 pediatric patients from the 3–6 ICADS II group. The ability to form biofilm was tested on composite and glass ionomer dental materials used for milk teeth filling in the presence of sucrose, xylitol, sorbitol, and erythritol. The bacterial film mass after 12, 24, 48, and 72 h and the number of bacterial colonies significantly decreased (p < 0.01) compared to the initial value for 5% erythritol and sorbitol on examined materials. A greater inhibitory effect was noted for glass ionomers compared to composites. Sucrose and xylitol supported biofilm formation, while erythritol had the best inhibitory effect. The use of fluoride-releasing glass ionomers exerted an effect synergistic to erythritol, i.e., inhibited plaque formation and the amount of cariogenic S. mutans. Selection of proper type of dental material together with replacing sucrose with polyols can significantly decrease risk of secondary caries development. Erithritol in combination with glass ionomer seems to be the most effective in secondary caries prevention.

Evaluation of surface roughness of four restorative materials, used for restorations in primary dentition

“…The results of our study confirm this statement, as the conventional glass-ionomer cement Fuji IX GP proved to be the material with the highest surface roughness values (Tab.3). Another common belief is that in addition to the presence of resin in the structure of the materials, the structure of the matrix, the amount, type and size of fillers also have a significant effect on the smoothness of the restorations [8,13,19]. The particle sizes of the filler of Estelite Sigma Quick, Dyract, Beautifil II and Fuji IX GP are as follows 0.2 μm, 0.8 μm, 0.8 μm, 10 μm, and the surface roughness values should increase in direct proportion to the increase in particle size.…”

“…Prevention of secondary caries lesions includes control of the main etiological factors related to their appearance. It is concluded, as a result of many scientific studies, that the presence of dental biofilm is the etiological factor that has greatest importance in the development of such lesions [8,9]. Plaque accumulation on restoration surface is affected by many factors, some of which are presence of fluorides in oral environment, release of fluoride from the restorative material, hydrophobicity of the restorative material, saliva flow, poor oral hygiene, and last but not least, the surface roughness of the restorative material [10,11,12].…”

Efficacy of Sea Salt-Based Mouthwash and Xylitol in Improving Oral Hygiene among Adolescent Population: A Pilot Study

“…The cariogenic potential of S. mutans is closely related to its ability to adhere to the tooth surface and to form acids by fermenting sugars introduced with food [4]. The production of acids, in particular lactic acid, is a very important virulence factor of S. mutans which leads to the multiplication of bacteria [1,4]. The sugars are fermented by the bacteria of the dental plaque thus producing a particularly acidic environment [4].…”

“…The production of acids, in particular lactic acid, is a very important virulence factor of S. mutans which leads to the multiplication of bacteria [1,4]. The sugars are fermented by the bacteria of the dental plaque thus producing a particularly acidic environment [4]. The lowering of the pH determined by the germs of the bacterial plaque is sufficient to decalcify the enamel and/or dentine thus creating the first step towards the development of the carious process [4].…”

“…The sugars are fermented by the bacteria of the dental plaque thus producing a particularly acidic environment [4]. The lowering of the pH determined by the germs of the bacterial plaque is sufficient to decalcify the enamel and/or dentine thus creating the first step towards the development of the carious process [4]. Furthermore, the excessive and continuous intake of sugar with the diet allows S. mutans to synthesize intracellularly glycogen-like polysaccharides which are used by the bacteria themselves to produce acids when the external sugar intake is limited [1].…”