Effect of polyethylene glycol-6000 on nutrient intake, digestion and growth of kids browsing Prosopis cineraria

Bhatta, Raghavendra; Shinde, A. K.; Vaithiyanathan, S.; Sankhyan, S. K.; Verma, D. L.

doi:10.1016/s0377-8401(02)00180-3

Cited by 62 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Generally, the high CP contents of all of the forage legume browses studied compared with Tifton grass hay suggested that these legumes would be a good source of protein to improve productivity of ruminant livestock in tropical regions. In terms of CT content, that of prosopis was negligible, while Bhatta et al (2002) reported that prosopis leaves contain 7%-11% tannins. Variations in the analytical method can lead to large variations in the final tannin results (Makkar, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of forage legumes (prosopis, acacia, atriplex, and leucaena) on ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis

Soltan¹,

Morsy²,

Sallam³

et al. 2012

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Two experiments in vitro were conducted to evaluate four Egyptian forage legume browses, i.e., leaves of prosopis (Prosopis juliflora), acacia (Acacia saligna), atriplex (Atriplex halimus), and leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala), in comparison with Tifton (Cynodon sp.) grass hay for their gas production, methanogenic potential, and ruminal fermentation using a semi-automatic system for gas production (first experiment) and for ruminal and post ruminal protein degradability (second experiment). Acacia and leucaena showed pronounced methane inhibition compared with Tifton, while prosopis and leucaena decreased the acetate:propionate ratio (P<0.01). Acacia and leucaena presented a lower (P<0.01) ruminal NH 3 -N concentration associated with the decreasing (P<0.01) ruminal protein degradability. Leucaena, however, showed higher (P<0.01) intestinal protein digestibility than acacia. This study suggests that the potential methanogenic properties of leguminous browses may be related not only to tannin content, but also to other factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of forage legumes (prosopis, acacia, atriplex, and leucaena) on ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis

Soltan¹,

Morsy²,

Sallam³

et al. 2012

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…increased bypass protein and bloat suppression in cattle; Min et al, 2003). However, one often-cited negative effect is the reduced palatability associated with tannin-rich plant species (Woodward and Reed, 1989), particularly when tannin concentrations exceed 60 g/kg DM (Bhatta et al, 2002). Also in the present study, intake of plants with CT concentrations of 175 g/kg (Calliandra) and 111 g/kg (Flemingia) was lower than the daily offer, especially with the high proportion of Calliandra, resulting in a reduced total DM intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the tropical tannin-rich shrub legumes Calliandra calothyrsus and Flemingia macrophylla on methane emission and nitrogen and energy balance in growing lambs

Tiemann

Lascano

Wettstein

et al. 2008

Animal

128

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The objective of this study was to test whether the use of tannin-rich shrub legume forage is advantageous for methane mitigation and metabolic protein supply at unchanged energy supply when supplemented in combination with tannin-free legumes to sheep. In a 6 3 6 Latin-square design, foliage of two tannin-rich shrub legume species (Calliandra calothyrsus and Flemingia macrophylla) were used to replace either 1/3 or 2/3, respectively, of a herbaceous high-quality legume (Vigna unguiculata) in a diet composed of the tropical grass Brachiaria brizantha and Vigna in a ratio of 0.55 : 0.45. A Brachiaria-only diet served as the negative control. Each experimental period lasted for 28 days, with week 3 serving for balance measurement and data collection inclusive of a 2-day stay of the sheep in open-circuit respiration chambers for measurement of gaseous exchange. While Vigna supplementation improved protein and energy utilisation, the response to the partial replacement with tannin-rich legumes was less clear. The apparent total tract digestibilities of organic matter, NDF and ADF were reduced when the tannin-rich plants partially replaced Vigna, and the dose-response relationships were mainly linear. The tannin-rich plants caused the expected redistribution of more faecal N in relation to urinary N. While Flemingia addition still led to a net body N retention, even when fed at the higher proportion, adding higher amounts of Calliandra resulted in body protein mobilisation in the growing lambs. With respect to energy, supplementation of Vigna alone improved utilisation, while this effect was absent when a tannin-rich plant was added. The inclusion of the tannin-rich plants reduced methane emission per day and per unit of feed and energy intake by up to 24% relative to the Vigna-only-supplemented diet, but this seems to have been mostly the result of a reduced organic matter and fibre digestion. In conclusion, Calliandra seems less apt as protein supplement for ruminants while Flemingia could partially replace a high-quality legume in tropical livestock systems. However, methane mitigation would be small due to associated reductions in N and energy retention.

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“…Prosopis cineraria leaves utilized in this study contained slightly lower CP and higher ADL contents compared with the foliage used in our earlier studies. 1,17 This was attributed to the seasonal variation in the nutritive value of leaves. Dry matter intake during the digestion trial was maximum (1194 g) in LP-PEG and higher (p < 0.05) than HP and LP (mean DMI 1105 g), the increase amounting to 8.1%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feeding complete feed block containing Prosopis cineraria leaves and polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐6000 on nutrient intake, its utilization, rumen fermentation pattern and rumen enzyme profile in kids

et al. 2005

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A study was carried out to determine the effect of replacing the cake portion of concentrate mixture with 5 parts polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 in a complete feed block (CFB) containing Prosopis cineraria leaves on the performance, rumen fermentation pattern and rumen enzyme profile of kids under an intensive system of rearing. Eighteen weaners of Sirohi goat of similar body weight (16.0 ± 0.5 kg) and age (90 ± 5 days) were divided into three equal groups. They were housed in individual cages in a side open asbestos roof shed with mud floor. All the kids received CFBs containing 50 parts P cineraria leaves and 50 parts concentrate mixture. CFB offered to the first group had high protein (183.8 g kg −1 ; HP), that offered to the second group had low protein (131.3 g kg −1 ; LP) and that offered to the third group had low protein (124.7 g kg −1 ) but contained PEG-6000 (LP-PEG). The concentrate mixtures in LP and LP-PEG were without groundnut cake, whereas in LP-PEG, groundnut cake was replaced by barley and 5 parts PEG-6000 were incorporated. CFBs were similar in their nutritive value except for crude protein (CP). Prosopis leaves utilized in the CFB contained (g kg −1 dry matter) 129.1 CP, 535.5 neutral detergent fibre, 395.8 acid detergent fibre and 222.8 acid detergent lignin. There were significant differences in dry matter intake (g day −1 ) between HP (1102), LP (1108) and LP-PEG (1194); the trend in Metabolizable energy intake was similar. During the growth trial, LP kids consumed maximum amount of feed (76.91 kg) followed by HP (75.73 kg) and LP-PEG (73.12 kg). However, maximum feed efficiency (feed consumed kg −1 live weight gain) was recorded in LP-PEG kids (9.59) followed by HP (10.64) and LP (11.60). These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in the digestibility of dry matter among the groups, there was significant difference in the digestibility of CP, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre. The digestibility of CP was 0.591, 0.484 and 0.645, that of neutral detergent fibre was 0.397, 0.308 and 0.499 and that of acid detergent fibre was 0.168, 0.154 and 0.282 in HP, LP and LP-PEG, respectively. Rumen metabolites studied 6 h after feeding revealed that there were significant (p < 0.05) differences in the concentrations of ammonia N, tri-chloro acetic acid precipitable N and total volatile fatty acids among the three groups, but not pH. The rumen enzyme concentrations showed significant (p < 0.05) differences for α-amylase, whereas the differences were non-significant for CMcase and protease. After 90 days of feeding trial, the maximum weight gain was recorded in LP-PEG (7.62 kg) followed by HP (7.23 kg) and LP (6.53 kg). It can be concluded that, when kids are reared under an intensive system on complete feed blocks containing Prosopis leaves, high protein concentrate can be replaced with a low protein concentrate containing 5 parts PEG, which would not only alleviate the negative effects of tannin but would also spare expensive...

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Effect of polyethylene glycol-6000 on nutrient intake, digestion and growth of kids browsing Prosopis cineraria

Cited by 62 publications

References 30 publications

Comparative <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of forage legumes (prosopis, acacia, atriplex, and leucaena) on ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis

Comparative <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of forage legumes (prosopis, acacia, atriplex, and leucaena) on ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis

Effect of the tropical tannin-rich shrub legumes Calliandra calothyrsus and Flemingia macrophylla on methane emission and nitrogen and energy balance in growing lambs

Effect of feeding complete feed block containing Prosopis cineraria leaves and polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐6000 on nutrient intake, its utilization, rumen fermentation pattern and rumen enzyme profile in kids

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