Effect of policosanol on cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils: Role of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2

Arruzazabala, M.L.; Molina, Vivián; Carbajal, Daisy; Valdés, S.; Más, Rosa

doi:10.1016/0952-3278(93)90080-g

Cited by 47 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Policosanol, a mixture of 8 high molecular weight sugarcane wax alcohols, has reduced platelet aggregation in experimental and clinical studies [9][10][11][12][13]. Also, policosanol has shown protective effects in experimental brain ischemia models, and to increase the antiplatelet/antithrombotic effects of AS [14,15], and long-term administered prevented the progression of carotid-vertebral atherosclerosis in humans [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of policosanol on the recovery of ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study

Sánchez¹

2012

iosrphr

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Background. Antiplatelet therapy lowers the risk of recurrent stroke. Policosanol, a mixture of 8 high molecular weight sugar cane wax alcohols, has shown to reduce platelet aggregation. Objectives. To investigate whether the therapy with policosanol plus aspirin (AS) could improve the neurological outcome as compared to placebo + AS in patients with a recent ischemic stroke. Methods. Ninety-two (92) patients with a modified Rankin Scale score (mRSs) ≥2 -≤4 after suffering an ischemic stroke within 30 days before enrollment were randomized to placebo or policosanol (20 mg/day) + AS (125 mg/day) (pla + AS or poli + AS) for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy variable was to obtain a better stroke outcome (mRSs ≤1) as compared to pla +AS. Reduction of platelet aggregation was a secondary variable. Results. After 12 and 24 weeks on therapy, the rates of patients treated with poli + AS (10/46, 21.7% and 32/46, 69.6%, respectively) who achieved mRSs ≤1 were significantly (p0.01 and p0.0001, respectively) greater than those treated with pla + AS (0/46, 0.0% and 7/46, 15.2%, respectively). Poli + AS treatment given for 6 weeks reduced significantly (p0.00001 vs baseline, p0.01 vs pla + AS) the mean mRSs value (24.1%), and this effect improved thereafter, so that it was reduced by 31.0% and 55.2% after 12 and 24 weeks on therapy, respectively. Poli + AS treatment also reduced significantly arachidonic acid-and adenosine diphosphateinduced platelet aggregation by 41.0% and 24.8%, respectively. Treatments were well tolerated. There were not withdrawals due to adverse experiences. Conclusions. In patients with recent ischemic stroke, poli + AS treatment improved the neurological recovery and decreased platelet aggregation as compared to pla + AS.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of policosanol on the recovery of ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study

Sánchez¹

2012

iosrphr

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“…Some studies do demonstrate that Policosanol may have effects beyond choles- terol reduction similar to statins, such as decreasing smooth muscle cell proliferation, LDL oxidation, and platelet aggregation [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Further human studies are needed to clarify these effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policosanol, an aliphatic alcohol sugarcane derivative: use in patients intolerant of or inadequately responsive to statin therapy

2011

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Policosanol is a compound derived from sugarcane wax with low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol-lowering properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Policosanol on LDL cholesterol reduction in patients intolerant of statin therapy or on concomitant statin therapy but not at target LDL cholesterol levels. Twenty-one patients treated with policosanol 10 mg twice a day for 156 ± 63 days were analyzed retrospectively. Pre-and posttreatment fasting lipid profiles were collected and statistical analysis was performed as paired t-tests. Data were further analyzed into subgroups based on the presence or absence of statin therapy. In the 21 patients, LDL cholesterol decreased by 17% (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol decreased by 9.4% (p < 0.001). No significant changes were seen in high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol or triglyceride levels. In the 6 patients treated with a statin and Policosanol, there was also a 17% LDL cholesterol reduction (p = 0.005). In the 15 patients treated only with Policosanol, LDL cholesterol was also decreased by 17% (p = 0.003). Policosanol use was observed to be associated with a mild-to-moderate (17%) decrease in LDL cholesterol. This association was observed in patients intolerant of statin therapy and in those receiving adjunctive Policosanol with statin therapy.

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“…Studies in animals and humans have shown that policosanol has pleiotropic properties that offer additional benefits in preventing atherosclerosis and complications, such as the inhibition of platelet aggregation [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] and lipid peroxidation. 24,46 There is some concern about the use of antiplatelet agents for primary CHD prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…47 In this study, the treatment groups were sufficiently similar in terms of all variables (ie, demographic, efficacy, and tolerability variables, including concomitant drug use), so that the effects described were considered drug related. Animal studies have shown that among concomitant drug therapies, policosanol exhibits interactions only with aspirin 38,42 and beta-blockers. 48 Thus, policosanol enhances the antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of aspirin while increasing the antihypertensive effects of beta-blockers, without modifying the decrease in heart rate induced by such drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of policosanol on borderline to mildly elevated serum total cholesterol levels: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, comparative study

Castaño

Más

Fernández

et al. 2003

Current Therapeutic Research

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Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Clinical studies have shown that lowering elevated serum cholesterol levels, particularly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), is beneficial for patients with borderline to mildly elevated serum total cholesterol (TC) levels (5.0-6.0 mmol/L). Policosanol is a cholesterol-lowering drug made from purified sugar cane wax. The therapeutic range of policosanol is 5 to 20 mg/d.Objective: This study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of policosanol 5 mg/d in patients with borderline to mildly elevated serum TC levels.Methods: This 14-week, single-center, prospective, double-blind, placebocontrolled, parallel-group, comparative study was conducted in men and women aged 25 to 75 years with a serum TC level Ն4.8 to Ͻ6.0 mmol/L. After a 6-week run-in period in which patients were placed on therapeutic lifestyle changes, in particular a cholesterol-lowering diet, patients were randomly assigned to receive policosanol 5-mg tablets or placebo tablets once daily with the evening meal for 8 weeks, and the diet was continued throughout the study. Lipid profile variables, safety indicators, adverse events (AEs), and compliance with study medications were assessed.Results: One hundred patients (71 women, 29 men; mean [SD] age, 52 [10] years) entered the study after the dietary run-in period. After 8 weeks of treatment, the mean (SD) serum LDL-C level decreased significantly in the policosanol group (P Ͻ 0.001 vs baseline and placebo) from 3.57 (0.30) mmol/L to 2.86 (0.41) mmol/L (change, Ϫ19.9%). Significantly more patients in the policosanol group The percentage changes were significantly different between the policosanol and placebo groups for serum LDL-C, TC, and HDL-C levels (P Ͻ 0.001, P Ͻ 0.001, and P Ͻ 0.05, respectively), but not for TG. In the placebo group, changes in lipid profile variables from baseline were not significant. Policosanol did not significantly impair any safety indicator and was well tolerated. Three patients (3%) (1 patient [2%] in the policosanol group; 2 patients [4%] in the placebo group) withdrew from the trial, none because of AEs. Two patients (1 patient [2%] each in the policosanol and placebo groups) withdrew from the study because of an unwillingness to return for follow-up; 1 patient (2%) in the placebo group had a change of address and could not be followed up. Overall, 4 patients (4%) (1 patient [2%] in the policosanol group; 3 [6%], placebo) reported AEs; all were mild. Of the patients who received placebo and reported AEs, all 3 (6%) experienced heartburn, and 1 (2%) also experienced dry skin, while the policosanol-treated patient (2%) who reported an AE experienced headache. Conclusions:In this study of patients with borderline to mildly elevated serum TC levels, based on the criterion that Ն70% of policosanol-treated patients reached the LDL-C goal of a decrease Ն15% from baseline whenever this proportion was different with respect to placebo, 8 weeks of treatment with policosanol ...

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Effect of policosanol on cerebral ischemia in Mongolian gerbils: Role of prostacyclin and thromboxane A2

Cited by 47 publications

References 5 publications

Effects of policosanol on the recovery of ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study

Effects of policosanol on the recovery of ischemic stroke: a randomized controlled study

Policosanol, an aliphatic alcohol sugarcane derivative: use in patients intolerant of or inadequately responsive to statin therapy

Effects of policosanol on borderline to mildly elevated serum total cholesterol levels: a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, comparative study

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