Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles on Biological Activity of Humus-Accumulated Horizons

Lushchaeva, Inna V.; Morgalev, Yuri N.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.384

AMR

2015

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1085.384

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Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles on Biological Activity of Humus-Accumulated Horizons

Inna V. Lushchaeva

Yuri N. Morgalev

Abstract: The exponential growth of nanoparticle-containing goods and waste of the recent years will lead unavoidably to nanomaterials entering environment, generating in local biota and abiotic environment, and potentially transmitting to man. Aerial and water transmission of nanoparticles eventually will cause its generation in soil and further transmission to plants and animals via food chains.

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Cited by 3 publications

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Assessment of Soil Tolerance towards Contamination with Platinum Nanoparticles by Biodiagnostic Methods

Timoshenko,

Kolesnikov,

Kabakova

et al. 2023

Eurasian Soil Sc.

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Assessment of Soil Tolerance towards Contamination with Platinum Nanoparticles by Biodiagnostic Methods

Timoshenko,

Kolesnikov,

Kabakova

et al. 2023

Eurasian Soil Sc.

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Assessment of Soil Resistance to Contamination by Platinum Nanoparticles by Biodiagnostic Methods

Timoshenko,

Kolesnikov,

Kabakova

et al. 2023

Počvovedenie

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Soil contamination with platinum nanoparticles is reproduced at a rapid rate, primarily because of the operation of vehicles with platinum exhaust gas converters. Already present on the territory with a concentration of platinum in the soil of more than 2 mg/kg, which is the maximum background content of 750 times. At the same time, the environmental risks of the adverse impact of platinum nanoparticles on the soil are practically not studied. The purpose of this work is to assess the consequences of different buffering capacities of soils to contamination with platinum nanoparticles in terms of biological parameters. Laboratory studies of soil resistance to pollution with platinum nanoparticles (PtNP) in the South of Russia were carried out, and their genetic properties were compared: Ordinary Chernozem (Haplic Chernozem (Loamic)), Brown Forest Soil (Eutric Cambisol), and Gray Sands (Eutric Arenosol). PtНЧ concentration studies 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/kg. Soil stability is assessed by the most sensitive and informative biological indicators of the state. It was found that the low content of PtNP (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/kg) in most cases does not lead to following the analysis of the biological state of the soil, and higher concentrations (10 and 100 mg/kg) lead to biological indicators. Soil enzymatic activity under PtНЧ contamination was inhibited to a lesser extent than phytotoxic and microbiological indicators. Common chernozem caused greater penetration to PtNP contamination than brown forest soil and gray sands. The results obtained were used to predict environmental risks in case of pollution of paid soils and to develop maximum allowable concentrations of platinum in soils of different buffering capacity.

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Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles (PtNPs) Pollution on the Biological Properties of Haplic Cambisols Eutric of the Caucasus Forests

Колесников

Timoshenko

Kabakova

et al. 2022

Forests

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Pollution by platinum (Pt) is an emerging threat to forest soil health. The widespread use of Pt nanoparticles (NPs) in gas neutralizers for automobile exhaust has sharply increased the amount of PtNP pollution in the environment, including forest ecosystems. Recently, territories with Pt concentrations greater than 0.3 mg/kg in soil have been discovered. This concentration is 750 times greater than the background content in the earth’s crust. Cambisols, the most prevalent forest soil type in boreal forests that determines the functioning of the entire forest ecosystem, occupy a significant share of the Earth’s soil cover, which is about 1.5 billion hectares worldwide, or 12% of the entire continental land area. This shows the importance of studying the effect of pollution on this type of soil. In this study, laboratory simulations of PtNP contamination of the Haplic Cambisols Eutric at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg were carried out. The effect of PtNPs on soil properties was assessed using the most sensitive and informative biological indicators. The total number of bacteria was studied by the methods of luminescent microscopy, catalase activity (gasometrically), dehydrogenases activity (spectrophotometrically), germination, and length of roots by the method of seedlings. It was found that at the concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg of PtNPs, there was either no effect or a slight, statistically insignificant decrease in the biological state of Haplic Cambisols Eutric. Concentrations of 10 and 100 mg/kg of PtNPs had a toxic effect on all the studied parameters. No statistically significant stimulating effect (hormesis) of PtNPs on the biological properties of Haplic Cambisols Eutric was observed, which indicates the high toxicity of PtNPs and the importance of studying the consequences of soil and ecosystem contamination with PtNPs. However, when the content of Pt in the soil was 1 mg/kg, there was a tendency to stimulate germination, the length of radish roots, and the total number of bacteria. The toxicity of PtNPs measured by biochemical indicators (activity of catalase and dehydrogenases) starts at a concentration of 100 mg/kg for phytotoxic effects (germination and root length of radish) and 10 mg/kg for microbiological effects (total number of bacteria).

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Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles on Biological Activity of Humus-Accumulated Horizons

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Assessment of Soil Tolerance towards Contamination with Platinum Nanoparticles by Biodiagnostic Methods

Assessment of Soil Tolerance towards Contamination with Platinum Nanoparticles by Biodiagnostic Methods

Assessment of Soil Resistance to Contamination by Platinum Nanoparticles by Biodiagnostic Methods

Effect of Platinum Nanoparticles (PtNPs) Pollution on the Biological Properties of Haplic Cambisols Eutric of the Caucasus Forests

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